Cisplatin

Cisplatin

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various forms of cancer, including ovarian, bladder, lung, testicular, head and neck, and cervical. It is a platinum-based drug that works by stopping the cancer cells from dividing and reproducing.

Uses for Cisplatin

Cisplatin is used in combination with other drugs or radiation to try to kill cancer cells. It is used to treat certain types of ovarian, bladder, testicular, head and neck, and cervical cancers in adults and children. Cisplatin may also be used to treat some kinds of tumors in the brain, lung, esophagus, and neck.

Brand Name	Cisplatin
Type
Weight
Generic	Cisplatin
Manufacturer
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Cisplatin works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, making them unable to divide and grow. The damaged DNA forces the cancer cells to die, which helps stop the growth of the tumor. It is also used to damage the cells of the tumor so surgery can be performed safely.

How Long Does it Take to Work?

The effects of Cisplatin can be seen within a few days after the start of treatment. The amount of time that it takes for the cancer cells to be destroyed can vary depending on the type of cancer being treated.

Absorption

Cisplatin is absorbed in the stomach and small intestine. It is then distributed throughout the body in the bloodstream. The absorption rate of Cisplatin is about 80%.

Route of Elimination

Cisplatin is eliminated mainly in the urine. It is metabolized in the liver and after about 7 hours, it is mostly eliminated in the urine.

Dosage

Cisplatin injection is administered by slow intravenous infusion. It should not be given by rapid intravenous injection. Needles or intravenous sets containing aluminum parts that may come in contact with Cisplatin Injection should not be used for preparation or administration. Aluminum reacts with Cisplatin Injection, causing precipitate formation and a loss of potency.

Metastatic Testicular Tumors: The usual Cisplatin Injection dose for the treatment of testicular cancer in combination with other approved chemotherapeutic agents is 20 mg/m2 IV daily for 5 days per cycle.

Metastatic Ovarian Tumors: The usual Cisplatin Injection dose for the treatment of metastatic ovarian tumors in combination with cyclophosphamide is 75 to 100 mg/m2 IV per cycle once every 4 weeks (DAY 1). The dose of cycloposphamide when used in combination with cisplatin is 600 mg/m2 IV once every four weeks (DAY 1). In combination therapy, Cisplatin Injection and cyclophosphamide are administered sequentially. As a single agent, Cisplatin Injection should be administered at a dose of 100 mg/m2 IV per cycle once every four weeks.

Advanced Bladder Cancer: Cisplatin Injection should be administered as a single agent at a dose of 50 to 70 mg/m2 IV per cycle once every 3 to 4 weeks depending on the extent of prior exposure to radiation therapy and/or prior chemotherapy. For heavily pretreated patients an initial dose of 50 mg/m2 per cycle repeated every 4 weeks is recommended.

Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Cisplatin Injection (75 mg/m2) should be administered in combination with Paclitaxel (135 mg/m2) in every three weeks. Or, as directed by the registered physicians.

Cisplatin is typically dosed at 30 to 90 mg/m2 of body surface every 3–4 weeks. The dose may be adjusted depending on the patient's body size, type of cancer, and how the patient tolerates the drug. A healthcare provider should be consulted to determine the appropriate dose for a particular patient.

Administration

Cisplatin is generally given intravenously (injected into a vein) over a period of several hours. It may also be given intramuscularly if a patient is unable to receive the intravenous treatment. It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare provider when administering Cisplatin .

Side Effects

Cisplatin can cause various side effects, including loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, fatigue, increased risk of infection, hair loss, and numbness or tingling in the hands and feet. These side effects may be worse if the drug is taken with other chemotherapy drugs. It is important to speak with a healthcare provider about the potential risks and side effects of taking Cisplatin .

Toxicity

Cisplatin can be toxic to the body if taken at too high a dose or in combination with other drugs. It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare provider carefully when taking Cisplatin . Signs of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and muscle twitching. If any of these symptoms occur, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.

Precautions

Before taking Cisplatin , it is important to consult with a healthcare provider about any medical history and allergies. It is also important to tell the healthcare provider about any other medications that are being taken, including non-prescription medicines, herbal supplements, and vitamins.

Interactions

Cisplatin should not be taken with other chemotherapy drugs or with certain antibiotics. It can also interact with blood thinners, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is important to speak with a healthcare provider about any potential drug interactions before taking Cisplatin .

Disease Interaction

Cisplatin can interact with certain medical conditions. It is important to discuss any medical conditions with a healthcare provider before taking Cisplatin . These conditions include kidney disease, hearing loss, anemia, and certain heart conditions.

Drug Interaction

Cisplatin can interact with certain drugs, including certain antibiotics, blood thinners, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is important to discuss any potential drug interactions with a healthcare provider before taking Cisplatin .

Food Interactions

Cisplatin should not be taken with dairy products, iron-rich foods (e.g. beef, shellfish, and broccoli), or foods high in nitrates (e.g. processed meats). It should also be taken on an empty stomach to ensure maximum absorption.

Pregnancy Use

Cisplatin may be used to treat certain types of cancer during pregnancy. However, there is a risk of birth defects or other complications when taking this medication during pregnancy. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare provider before taking Cisplatin during pregnancy.

Lactation Use

Cisplatin should not be taken by lactating women, as it has been shown to pass into breast milk. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare provider before taking Cisplatin while breastfeeding.

Acute Overdose

If an overdose of Cisplatin is suspected, a healthcare provider should be consulted immediately. Symptoms of an overdose can include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and abnormal bleeding. It is important to follow the instructions of a healthcare provider when taking Cisplatin .

Contraindication

Cisplatin is contraindicated in patients with kidney or liver disease, hearing loss, anemia, bleeding disorders, certain heart conditions, and certain infections. It is important to speaks with a healthcare provider before taking Cisplatin .

Use Direction

Cisplatin should only be used as directed by a healthcare provider. It is important to follow the dosage instructions carefully when taking Cisplatin . The drug should be taken on an empty stomach, and it should not be taken with dairy products, iron-rich foods, or foods high in nitrates.

Storage Condition

Cisplatin should be stored at room temperature, away from excess heat and moisture. It should not be frozen or refrigerated. It is important to keep the medication out of the reach of children and pets.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of Cisplatin is 5.5 L/kg. This means that the drug is distributed throughout the body in the blood and tissue.

Half Life

The half life of Cisplatin is approximately 8-10 hours. This is the amount of time it takes for the drug to be reduced by half in the body.

Clearance

The clearance of Cisplatin is approximately 0.25 to 0.4 L/hr/kg. This is the rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body.

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