Bexen Powder for Suspension

Introduction

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is a broad-spectrum, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those affecting the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin. Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to the death of the bacteria.

Uses

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria. These infections include:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Pharyngitis and tonsillitis
• Skin and skin structure infections
• Bronchitis and other respiratory tract infections

Brand Name	Bexen
Type	Powder for Suspension
Weight	125 mg/5 ml
Generic	Cefadroxil Monohydrate
Manufacturer	NIPRO JMI Pharma Ltd.
Available in	English বাংলা

Mechanism of Action

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) on bacterial cell walls. This inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, ultimately causing the cell to lyse and die.

How Long Does It Take to Work?

The onset of action typically occurs within 1-2 hours after administration. Clinical improvement is usually seen within a few days of starting therapy.

Absorption

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with an oral bioavailability of approximately 90%. Food does not significantly affect its absorption.

Route of Elimination

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is primarily eliminated unchanged via the kidneys through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 90% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours.

Dosage

The dosage of Cefadroxil depends on the susceptibility of the pathogens, the severity of the disease and on the clinical status of the patient (renal and hepatic function).

Streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis-

• Adult and adolescents >40 kg with normal renal function: 1000 mg once a day over at least 10 days. Dosage may be decreased.
• Children <40 kg with normal renal function: 30 mg/kg/day once a day over at least 10 days.

Bronchopneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, Urinary tract infections, Skin & soft tissue infections-

• Adult and adolescents >40 kg with normal renal function: 1000 mg twice a day.
• Children <40 kg with normal renal function: 30-35 mg/kg/day divided into two daily doses.

Children may benefit of increased posology up to 100 mg/kg/day. Depending on the severity of the infection, adults may require increased posology. The dosage maximum is 4 g per day. Chronic urinary tract infection may require a prolonged and intensive treatment with continued testing of susceptibility and clinical monitoring. Cefadroxil 500 mg is not recommended for infants and children under 6 years. For younger children and children with a body weight <40 kg, liquid dosage oral form is recommended.

Renal impairment patients: In patients with renal impairment, the dose should be adjusted according to creatinine clearance rates to prevent accumulation of cefadroxil. In patients with creatinine clearance of 50 ml/min or less, the following reduced dosage schedule is recommended as a guideline.

• Creatinine clearance 50-25 ml/min/1.73 m2: 500 mg-1000 mg every 12 hours
• Creatinine clearance 25-10 ml/min/1.73 m2: 500 mg-1000 mg every 24 hours
• Creatinine clearance 10-0 ml/min/1.73 m2: 500 mg-1000 mg every 36 hours
• Children (<40 kg) with renal impairment: Cefadroxil is not indicated in children suffering from renal insufficiency and children requiring haemodialysis.
• Dosage for haemodialysis patients: Haemodialysis eliminates 63% of 1000 mg of cephalosporin after 6 to 8 hours of haemodialysis. Elimination half-time of cephalosporin is about 3 hours during dialysis. Patients with haemodialysis receive one additional dose ofcefadroxil 500 mg-1000 mg at the end of the haemodialysis.

Hepatic impairment: No adjustment of posology is necessary.

• Elderly: As cefadroxil is excreted by renal route, the dosage should be adjusted if necessary as described under impaired renal function.

Mode of administration: Bioavailability is not affected by food and cefadroxil may be taken with meals or on an empty stomach. In case of gastro-intestinal disturbances, it may be administered with food.

Duration of therapy: Treatment should be applied for 2 to 3 further days after regression of the acute clinical symptoms or evidence of bacterial eradication has been obtained. In infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes up to 10 days treatment may be considered.

The dosage of Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml varies based on the type and severity of infection:

• Adults and children > 12 years: 1-2 grams daily in divided doses, depending on the severity of the infection.
• Children: 30 mg/kg/day in divided doses, typically administered every 12 hours.
• For pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 1 gram once daily for 10 days.

Administration

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml can be administered orally in tablet or liquid form. It should be taken with or without food, and the prescribed dosage should be completed even if the patient begins to feel better.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Rash
• Itching

Serious but rare side effects include:

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
• Severe diarrhea (Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea)
• Kidney dysfunction

Toxicity

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml has a relatively low toxicity profile. In cases of overdose, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may occur. Severe overdoses may result in renal dysfunction or seizures, especially in patients with underlying renal impairment.

Precautions

Before starting Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml, patients should inform their healthcare provider of any history of allergic reactions to cephalosporins, penicillins, or other beta-lactam antibiotics. Use with caution in patients with renal impairment, as dose adjustments may be necessary.

Interactions

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml may interact with certain medications, leading to increased or decreased efficacy or increased risk of side effects.

Disease Interaction

Caution is advised in patients with renal dysfunction, as the drug is primarily eliminated by the kidneys. Dosage adjustments may be necessary in such patients.

Drug Interaction

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml may interact with the following drugs:

• Probenecid: Can increase the concentration of cefadroxil by reducing renal excretion.
• Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, diuretics): May increase the risk of kidney damage when used concurrently with cefadroxil.

Food Interactions

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml can be taken with or without food. Food does not significantly impact its absorption or effectiveness.

Pregnancy Use

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is classified as a pregnancy category B drug, meaning that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed.

Lactation Use

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Caution should be exercised when administering it to breastfeeding women. The potential benefits should be weighed against the possible risks to the infant.

Acute Overdose

In the case of an acute overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Treatment is mainly supportive, and severe cases may require hemodialysis to remove the drug from circulation.

Contraindication

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins, or any of its components. It should also be avoided in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics.

Use Direction

The full prescribed course of Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml should be completed, even if the patient feels better before finishing the medication. Skipping doses or not completing the course of treatment may reduce the effectiveness of the treatment and increase the likelihood of bacterial resistance.

Storage Conditions

Store Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml at room temperature, away from light and moisture. If in liquid form, it should be stored in the refrigerator and discarded after 14 days if unused.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is approximately 18 liters in healthy individuals.

Half Life

The half-life of Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is approximately 1.5 hours in individuals with normal renal function.

Clearance

The clearance of Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is primarily renal, with about 90% of the drug being excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours.

See in details version Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml also Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml in bangla

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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml

1. What is Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml?

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections by stopping the growth of bacteria.

2. What conditions does Cefadroxil treat?

It is used to treat:

• Skin infections
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Throat infections (e.g., tonsillitis, pharyngitis)
• Other bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms

3. How does Cefadroxil work?

It works by interfering with the bacteria’s cell wall synthesis, causing the bacteria to weaken and die.

4. Is Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml the same as Cephalexin?

They are similar (both first-generation cephalosporins), but Cefadroxil has a longer half-life, requiring less frequent dosing.

5. Is Cefadroxil safe for everyone?

No, it’s not safe for those allergic to cephalosporins or penicillins, or with certain kidney issues. Consult a doctor.

6. How long does it take for Cefadroxil to work?

Symptoms may improve within 1-2 days, but the full effect requires completing the prescribed course (usually 7-14 days).

7. How long should I take Cefadroxil?

Take it for the full duration prescribed (e.g., 7-10 days), even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.

8. Can children take Cefadroxil?

Yes, it’s safe for children in appropriate doses based on weight and age, as prescribed by a doctor.

9. What is the typical dosage for adults?

For adults, it’s usually 1-2 grams daily, divided into one or two doses, depending on the infection.

10. Can I take Cefadroxil every day?

Yes, it’s taken daily for the duration of the prescribed course, typically 7-14 days.

11. Does food affect Cefadroxil?

It can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may reduce stomach upset.

12. Can I drink alcohol with Cefadroxil?

Alcohol doesn’t directly interact with Cefadroxil, but it may slow healing or worsen side effects like nausea.

13. What are common side effects of Cefadroxil?

Common side effects include:

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Stomach upset
• Rash

14. Are there serious side effects?

Yes, rare but serious side effects include:

• Severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis)
• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
• Seizures (very rare)

Seek medical help if these occur.

15. What is an allergic reaction to Cefadroxil?

Signs include rash, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, or hives—an emergency requiring immediate care.

16. Can Cefadroxil cause yeast infections?

Yes, it may disrupt normal flora, leading to yeast infections (e.g., thrush or vaginal candidiasis) in some people.

17. Is Cefadroxil addictive?

No, it’s an antibiotic and not addictive.

18. Can I buy Cefadroxil without a prescription?

No, it requires a prescription in most countries to ensure proper use and prevent resistance.

19. Is generic Cefadroxil as effective as the brand?

Yes, generic Cefadroxil is equally effective as brand-name versions (e.g., Duricef) when from reputable sources.

20. How should I store Cefadroxil?

Store tablets or capsules at room temperature (15-30°C or 59-86°F); liquid forms may require refrigeration—check the label.

21. Can I split Cefadroxil tablets?

Only if scored and approved by your doctor or pharmacist; avoid splitting capsules.

22. What happens if I overdose on Cefadroxil?

Overdose may cause nausea, vomiting, or seizures. Seek emergency medical help.

23. Can I take Cefadroxil with other antibiotics?

Not usually needed, and combining antibiotics should only be done under a doctor’s supervision.

24. Does Cefadroxil treat viral infections?

No, it only works against bacterial infections, not viruses like the flu or common cold.

25. Who should not take Cefadroxil?

Avoid if you have:

• Allergy to cephalosporins or penicillins
• Severe kidney disease (unless dose-adjusted)

26. Can Cefadroxil treat sinus infections?

Yes, if caused by susceptible bacteria, though it’s not always the first choice.

27. Is Cefadroxil safe for older adults?

Yes, but kidney function should be checked, as dose adjustments may be needed.

28. Can I take Cefadroxil with pain relievers?

Yes, it’s generally safe with drugs like ibuprofen or acetaminophen unless otherwise advised.

29. Does Cefadroxil affect birth control?

It may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal birth control (e.g., pills); use backup contraception.

30. Can I take Cefadroxil if I have diabetes?

Yes, it’s safe for diabetics, but monitor for side effects like diarrhea, which may affect blood sugar.

31. How does Cefadroxil compare to Amoxicillin?

Both treat similar infections, but Cefadroxil is a cephalosporin with a broader spectrum than Amoxicillin (a penicillin).

32. Can Cefadroxil cause kidney problems?

Rarely, but it’s excreted by the kidneys, so those with kidney issues need dose adjustments.

33. How was Cefadroxil developed?

It was developed as a first-generation cephalosporin in the 1970s to combat bacterial infections.

34. Is Cefadroxil FDA-approved?

Yes, it was approved by the FDA for bacterial infections under brand names like Duricef.

35. What’s the difference between Cefadroxil and Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml?

Bexen Powder for Suspension 125 mg/5 ml is the hydrated form of Cefadroxil, commonly used in formulations; they’re essentially the same drug.

36. Can Cefadroxil be used for dental infections?

Yes, if the infection is bacterial and susceptible to cephalosporins, though other antibiotics may be preferred.

37. Does Cefadroxil expire?

Yes, check the expiration date; expired antibiotics may be less effective or unsafe.

38. Can I take Cefadroxil with antacids?

Antacids don’t significantly affect Cefadroxil, but space them apart to avoid minor absorption issues.

39. Does Cefadroxil affect sleep?

Not directly, though side effects like nausea or diarrhea might disrupt sleep.

40. Can Cefadroxil be taken long-term?

It’s typically a short-term treatment (7-14 days); long-term use isn’t common and requires medical oversight.

41. What’s the maximum dose of Cefadroxil?

For adults, the maximum is usually 4 grams per day, though 1-2 grams is standard.

42. Can Cefadroxil cause allergic reactions?

Yes, though rare, it may cause rash, itching, or severe reactions like anaphylaxis.

43. Is Cefadroxil safe during pregnancy?

It’s generally considered safe (Category B), but only use if prescribed by a doctor.

44. Can I drive after taking Cefadroxil?

Yes, unless you experience rare side effects like dizziness or confusion.

45. Does Cefadroxil interact with grapefruit?

No significant interaction is known with grapefruit.

46. Can teenagers take Cefadroxil?

Yes, in appropriate doses based on weight and condition, as prescribed.

47. What’s the cost of Cefadroxil?

Generic Cefadroxil costs ~$0.50-$2 per dose, depending on region and dosage.

48. Can Cefadroxil be crushed?

Tablets can be crushed if needed, but check with a pharmacist; capsules and liquid forms are alternatives.

49. Does Cefadroxil work against MRSA?

No, it’s ineffective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).