Thorax MCQ 47+

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Cyanotic congenital heart disease/s is/are

ক
Patent ductus arteriosus

খ
Transpositions of great vessels

গ
Tetralogy of Fallotâs

ঘ
Double outlet right ventricle
The average female breast

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Extends laterally over the serratus anterior muscle

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Has a separate duct for each lobe opening onto the nipple

গ
Is developmentally a collection of modified sweat gland has a collection of modified sweat

ঘ
Develops a large amount of secretory tissue at puberty

ঙ
Has a lymphatic drainage going direct to the infraclavicular lymph nodes
The adult female mammary gland

ক
Extends from the side of the sternum to the midaxillary line

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Develops from modified skin glands

গ
Has a lymphatic drainage which extends to the anterior mediastinum

ঘ
Lies deep to the deep fascia of the chest wall

ঙ
Has no subcutaneous and submammary plexus of lymph vessels
Terminal bronchiole

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Contains clara cell

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Contains goblet cell

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Contains plates of cartilage

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Is lined by simple ciliated columnar epithelium

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Contains alveoli
The pleura

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Extends upwards into the neck above the medial third of the clavicle

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Is grooved in its uppermost part by the subclavian artery

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Extends into the fissure of lung

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Is innervated by the intercostals nerves over the central tendon of the diaphragm

ঙ
Lower limit of parietal pleura corresponds with the 8th rib in mid axillary line
In the normal adult lungs

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The left upper lobe lies anterior to the left lower lobe

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The oblique fissure extends from the thoracic vertebral level T3

গ
The transverse fissure separates the right middle lobe from the right lower lobe

ঘ
The left main bronchus is more vertical than the right

ঙ
Pneumocyte I is more in number than penumocyte II
The structures entering through the hilum of the lung are

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Bronchial artery

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Bronchus

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Pulmonary artery

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Bronchial vein

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Pulmonary vein
Posterior aspect of the apex of the right lung is related to the

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Superior intercostal artery

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Sympathetic trunk

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Ventral ramus of the 1st thoracic nerve

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Brachiocephalic trunk

ঙ
Right brachiocephalic vein
Parts of the bronchial tree which are supported by the cartilage are

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Secondary bronchi

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Segmental bronchi

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Primary bronchi

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Alveolar ducts

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Bronchioles
The medial surface of the right lung is related to the

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Azygos vein

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Superior vena cava

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Oesophagus

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Arch of the aorta

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Descending aorta
Respiratory part of the airways includes

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Respiratory bronchiole

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Alveolar sac

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Tertiary bronchiole

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Terminal bronchiole

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Lobar bronchus
Oesophagus is constricted due to its relation with

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Left principal bronchus

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Arch of the aorta

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Trachea

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Right pulmonary artery

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Left atrium
Oesophagus is constricted when it is related interiorly to the

ক
Arch of the aorta

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Left principal bronchus

গ
Left brachiocephalic vein

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Left subclavian artery

ঙ
Base of the heart
In the thorax, oesophagus is constricted where it is crossed by the

ক
Arch of the aorta

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Oesophageal opening of the diaphragm

গ
Descending thoracic aorta

ঘ
Right principal bronchus

ঙ
Thoracic duct
Veins draining into the left brachiocephalic vein include

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Inferior thyroid

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Left internal thoracic

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Thymic

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Azygos

ঙ
Both vertebral
The thoracic sympathetic trunk

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Lies infront of the neck of the ribs

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Provides all the splanchnic nerves

গ
Possesses eleven ganglia

ঘ
Has no direct communication with the lumbar sympathetic trunk

ঙ
Is independent of the thoracic spinal nerves
The first part of subclavian artery

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Gives off three branches

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Makes a groove in the dome of pleura

গ
Lies behind the anterior scalene muscle

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Is encircled by the ansa cervicalis

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On the both sides lies posterior to the skin

চ
superficial fascia and platysma
The coronary sulcus

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Partially encircles the heart

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Contains coronary sinus

গ
Marks the location of annulus fibrosus

ঘ
Has a vertical orientation behind the sternum

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Runs diagonally along the sternocostal surface
Right ventricle

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Has tricuspid valve in its inflow tract

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Develops from sinus venosus

গ
Is normally oval in cross section

ঘ
Contains two papillary muscle

ঙ
Forms most of the diaphragmatic surface of the heart
Left ventricle of heart

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Is three times as thick as the wall of right ventricle

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Is divided into the left ventricle proper and aortic vestibule

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Has a round cavity in cross section

ঘ
Forms two third of the sternocostal surface of the heart

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Has lower systolic pressure than aortic systolic pressure
Regarding fibrous pericardium

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Phrenic nerve supplies fibrous pericardium

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It merges with great vessels

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It is adherent with central tendon

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Fibrous pericardium is developed from heart tube

ঙ
It is adherent with sternum
Septomarginal trabeculae

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Conveys right branch of atrioventricular bundle

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Prevents overdistension of right ventricle

গ
Is made up of muscle tissue

ঘ
Present in the left ventricle

ঙ
Is a connective tissue bridge
With the heart in its usual in the body

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The right mediastinal shadow is formed by the right atrium

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On deep inspiration

গ
the vertical length of the heart increases and the transverse diameter narrow

ঘ
The left ventricle forms most of the anterior surface

ঙ
No part of the left atrium can be seen on its anterior aspect

চ
The pulmonary artery lies anterior and to the right of the ascending aorta
In a chest x-ray posterior anterior view

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Right atrium forms the most of the right border of the heart

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Pulmonary bay is usually concave in a normal person

গ
Left atrial appendage is seen above the pulmonary bay area

ঘ
Inferior vena cava is seen at the upper part of the right cardiac margin

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Apex is rotated downwards in right ventricular enlargement
Coarctation of the aorta are

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Is usually distal to axillary artery

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Produces a small volume femoral pulse

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Associated with bicuspid aortic valve

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Results in hypotension

ঙ
Results in double aortic knuckle on chest x-ray
In Coarctation of aorta

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A lateral chest x-ray may show dilated descending thoracic aorta

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The isthmus of the aorta is the usual site

গ
Bicuspid aortic valve is a recognized association

ঘ
The post-ductal type presents in infancy

ঙ
Berry aneurysms are a recognized complication
During development of the heart

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The pulmonary circulation is of lesser volume

খ
Contraction starts at 3 weeks

গ
The dorsal mesocardium breaks down to form the oblique pericardial sinus

ঘ
The sinus venosus lies at the cranial end of the primitive tube

ঙ
Muscles are of neural crest in origin
The distribution of the left coronary artery shows that

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The left anterior descending artery supplies parts of both ventricles

খ
Its trunk lies in the coronary sulcus

গ
Its branches are the main supply to the A-V node in most cases

ঘ
The left circumflex artery does not usually anastomoses with any right coronary arterial branch

ঙ
A left circumflex blockage would commonly cause septal ischaemia
Branches of left coronary artery are

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Circumflex branch

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Branch to the diaphragmatic surface of left ventricle

গ
Posterior interventricular branch

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Right atrial branch

ঙ
Terminal branch
Base of the heart is related posteriorly to the

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Descending thoracic aorta

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Esophagus

গ
Thoracic duct

ঘ
Phrenic nerve

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Trachea