The diaphragm MCQ 5+

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• The followings are the congenital diaphragmatic- hernias
  ক

  Retrosternal hernia

  খ

  Posterolateral hernia

  গ

  Posterior hernia

  ঘ

  Central hernia

  ঙ

  Sliding variety of oesophageal hiatal hernia
• The esophageal hiatus transmits the followings
  ক

  The left vagus nerve

  খ

  The right vagus nerve

  গ

  Lymphatics

  ঘ

  Branches of left gastric artery

  ঙ

  Phrenic nerves
• Oesophageal opening in the diaphragm transmits
  ক

  The oesophagus

  খ

  Branches of the left gastric artery and vein

  গ

  The thoracic duct

  ঘ

  The right phrenic nerve

  ঙ

  The azygos vein
• The functional and clinical anatomy of the diaphragm reveals that
  ক

  It acts as a muscular constrictor for the oesophagus

  খ

  Sliding hernia of the stomach occurs through its oesophageal opening

  গ

  It acts as a valve for the inferior vena cava

  ঘ

  It contracts to reduce intra-abdominal pressure for venous returns

  ঙ

  Its paradoxical movement in unilateral phrenic nerve palsy results from visceral pressure
• On X-ray chest P/A view, bilateral elevation of diaphragm found in
  ক

  Obesity

  খ

  Pregnancy

  গ

  Ascites

  ঘ

  Scoliosis

  ঙ

  Chronic obstructive airway disease