Respiratory physiology MCQ 99+

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• Clubbing occurs in
  ক

  Infective endocarditis

  খ

  Cystic fibrosis

  গ

  Ulcerative colitis

  ঘ

  Pancreatic carcinoma

  ঙ

  Primary hepatocellular carcinoma
• Type I respiratory failure occurs in
  ক

  ARDS

  খ

  Pneumothorax

  গ

  Lung fibrosis

  ঘ

  Sleep apnoea

  ঙ

  Kyphoscoliosis
• In cystic fibrosis in a 10 year-old-girl
  ক

  More common in consanguinous marriage

  খ

  Next generation may become carrier

  গ

  Any one of her parents may be found affected

  ঘ

  All her siblings will be affected

  ঙ

  Prognosis is good
• Bohr effect
  ক

  Promotes O2 transport

  খ

  Occurs when pH of the blood falls

  গ

  Indicates the decrease affinity' of O2 to Hb

  ঘ

  Promotes CO2 transport

  ঙ

  Is not advantageous for tissue
• Causes of pulmonary hypertension include
  ক

  Mitral stenosis

  খ

  Eisenmenger's syndrome

  গ

  Interstitial lung disease

  ঘ

  Pulmonary stenosis

  ঙ

  Tetralogy of fallot
• Features of pulmonary hypertension include
  ক

  Loud 2nd heart sound

  খ

  Left parasternal heave

  গ

  Prominent C wave of jugular venous pulsation

  ঘ

  Late diastolic murmur in pulmonary area

  ঙ

  Bilateral basal crepitions over both lungs
• Causes of pulmonary hypertension are
  ক

  Mitral stenosis

  খ

  Eisenmenger's syndrome

  গ

  Cirrhosis of liver

  ঘ

  Pulmonary stenosis

  ঙ

  Tetralogy of fallot
• Among the different types of breathing
  ক

  Hering Breurer inflation reflex is caused by three times increase in tidal volume

  খ

  Kussmaul's breathing is caused by lesions in medulla oblongata

  গ

  Apneustic breathing is caused by lesions at dorsolateral upper half of pons

  ঘ

  Biot's breathing is caused by severe cardiac failure

  ঙ

  Cheyne stokes breathing is caused by metabolic acidosis
• The chemical factors regulating respiration are
  ক

  PO2

  খ

  H+ concentration

  গ

  PCO2

  ঘ

  HCO3- concentration

  ঙ

  2

  চ

  3-diphosphoglycerate
• Ventilatory rate is increased in
  ক

  Exercise

  খ

  Lactic acidosis

  গ

  Hypothermia

  ঘ

  Decrease in arterial PaCO2

  ঙ

  Respiratory alkalosis
• Hyperventilation can cause
  ক

  A fall in plasma bicarbonate concentration

  খ

  Increased sensitivity to bicarbonate

  গ

  Tetany

  ঘ

  An increase in urine output

  ঙ

  A reduction in cardiac output
• Prolonged hyperventilation is associated with lowering of
  ক

  Plasma PCO2

  খ

  Plasma HCO3

  গ

  Plasma Ca++

  ঘ

  Plasma pH

  ঙ

  Urinary HCO3-
• A patient with carbon dioxide retention is likely to have
  ক

  Raised cerebral blood flow

  খ

  Raised plasma bicarbonate

  গ

  Metabolic acidosis

  ঘ

  Alkaline urine

  ঙ

  Cool extremities
• A patient with high PCO2 is likely to have
  ক

  Respiratory acidosis

  খ

  Raised cerebral blood flow

  গ

  Raised plasma HCO3-

  ঘ

  Alkaline urine

  ঙ

  Cool extremities
• Hypercapnea is a feature of
  ক

  Life threatening asthma

  খ

  Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

  গ

  Pulmonary embolism

  ঘ

  Salicylate intoxication

  ঙ

  Pulmonary fibrosis
• The defects in different types of hypoxia are
  ক

  Hypoxic due to high altitude

  খ

  Anemic due to low hemoglobin content

  গ

  Histotoxic due to CO poisoning

  ঘ

  Stagnant due to inhibition of tissue oxidative process

  ঙ

  Anemic due to pneumonia
• A reduction of arterial PO2 is typical of
  ক

  Hypoventilation

  খ

  Fibrosis of lungs

  গ

  Anemia

  ঘ

  Cyanide poisoning

  ঙ

  Carbon monoxide poisoning
• Decreased arterial P02 is a consequence of
  ক

  Hypoventilation

  খ

  Living at high altitude

  গ

  Carbon monoxide poisoning

  ঘ

  Low hemoglobin concentration

  ঙ

  Cyanide poisoning
• A decrease in arterial PO2 is a typical feature of
  ক

  Physiological shunt (Alveoli are perfused with blood but ventilation fail

  খ

  Hypoventilation

  গ

  Fibrosis of lungs

  ঘ

  Moderate exercise

  ঙ

  Carbon monoxide poisoning
• Decreased arterial PO2 is a consequence of
  ক

  Hypoventilation

  খ

  Living at high altitude

  গ

  Low hemoglobin concentration

  ঘ

  Carbon monoxide poisoning

  ঙ

  Cyanide poisoning
• Residing at high altitude results in
  ক

  Shifting of o2 hemoglobin dissociation curve to right

  খ

  Increased 2

  গ

  3 - DPG concentration

  ঘ

  Pulmonary vasoconstriction

  ঙ

  Respiratory alkalosis

  চ

  Hypoventilation
• At high altitude, there is an increase in
  ক

  Arterial pH

  খ

  Diffusing capacity of the respiratory membrane

  গ

  RBC count

  ঘ

  Arterial PCO2

  ঙ

  Arterial P02
• At a high altitude there is an increase in
  ক

  Pulmonary ventilation

  খ

  Arterial pH

  গ

  Cerebral blood flow

  ঘ

  Arterial PO2

  ঙ

  Arterial PCO2
• When CO2is removed from the blood in the lungs, there is a net
  ক

  Efflux of Cl- from RBC

  খ

  Influx of HCO3-into RBC

  গ

  Increase in pH of blood

  ঘ

  Efflux of O2 from RBC

  ঙ

  Influx of CO2 into RBC
• When CO2 is removed from the pulmonary capillary, there is a net
  ক

  Efflux of Cl- from RBC

  খ

  Influx of HCO3 in RBC

  গ

  Increase in pH of blood

  ঘ

  Efflux of O2 from RBC

  ঙ

  Increase in PCV of blood
• Rate of gase diffusion through the respiratory membrane is
  ক

  Inversely proportional to thickness of respiratory membrane

  খ

  Directly proportional to surface area of respiratory membrane

  গ

  Directly proportional to pressure difference of gas

  ঘ

  Inversely proportional to solubility of the membrane

  ঙ

  Inversely proportional to diffusion co-efficient of gas
• Gaseous exchanges through the respiratory membrane is directly proportional to
  ক

  Surface area of respiratory membrane

  খ

  Diffusion co-efficient of gas

  গ

  Solubility of the gas

  ঘ

  The thickness of respiratory membrane

  ঙ

  Molecular weight of the gas
• Rate of gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane is directly proportional to
  ক

  Surface area of the membrane

  খ

  Solubility of gas

  গ

  Diffusion coefficient

  ঘ

  Molecular weight of gas

  ঙ

  Thickness of the membrane
• Rate of gas diffusion through the respiratory membrane is
  ক

  Directly proportional to diffusion coefficient of the gas

  খ

  Inversely proportional to the thickness of respiratory membrane

  গ

  Directly proportional to solubility of the gas

  ঘ

  Inversely proportional to the pressure gradient between two sides of membrane

  ঙ

  Directly proportional to molecular weight of the gas
• Following are the signs of O2 toxicity
  ক

  Seizure

  খ

  Retrolental fibroplasia

  গ

  Dry cough

  ঘ

  Loss of deep tendon reflex

  ঙ

  Palpitation