Paediatric neurology MCQ 61+

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• The most common organism of acute pyogenic meningitis are
  ক

  Escherichia coli in neonate

  খ

  Streptococcus infant & children

  গ

  Neisseria meningitidis in adolescent & young adults

  ঘ

  Pneumococcus

  ঙ

  Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Common causes of meningitis in a 2-year-old child include
  ক

  Streptococcus

  খ

  H. influenzae

  গ

  Pneumococcus

  ঘ

  E. coli

  ঙ

  Klebsiella
• Common causes of acute bacterial meningitis patients of 1 month of include
  ক

  Group B streptococcus

  খ

  Streptococcus pneumoniae

  গ

  Klebsiella pneumoniae

  ঘ

  Neisseria meningitides

  ঙ

  Listeria monocytogenes
• Common organisms of meningitis in neonate are
  ক

  Escherichia coli

  খ

  Staphylococcus epidermidis

  গ

  Klebsiella pneumoniae

  ঘ

  Streptococcus pyogenes

  ঙ

  Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Neonatal meningitis is caused by
  ক

  Escherichia coli

  খ

  Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  গ

  Haemophilus influenzae

  ঘ

  Neisseria meningitides

  ঙ

  Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Regarding meningitis
  ক

  E. coli is a causative organism in are newborn

  খ

  Vaccination has reduced the incidence of H-influenzae B infection

  গ

  Streptococcus pneumoniae are common in HIV associated infection

  ঘ

  Reactivation of varicella zoster virus can cause meningitis

  ঙ

  HSV -1 causes meningitis at birth
• Following is/are the neurocutaneous syndrome
  ক

  Neurofibromatosis

  খ

  Tuberous sclerosis

  গ

  Sturge-Weber syndrome

  ঘ

  Spinal muscular atrophy

  ঙ

  Adrenoleukodystrophy
• Features of West syndrome are
  ক

  Hypsarrhythmia

  খ

  Mental retardation

  গ

  Seizure

  ঘ

  Normal EEG

  ঙ

  Occurs after the age of 10 years
• Autism is associated with
  ক

  Catatonic stupor

  খ

  Conversion disorder

  গ

  Depressive stupor

  ঘ

  Frontal lobe syndrome

  ঙ

  Korsakoff’s psychosis
• In Autism spectrum disorder
  ক

  There is impaired social interaction

  খ

  Family history may be present

  গ

  The first symptom is walking disorder

  ঘ

  Definitive aetiology is found

  ঙ

  CT/MRI of the brain are diagnostic investigations
• Cardinal features of autism include
  ক

  Lack of social interaciton

  খ

  Lack of verbal communication

  গ

  Repetitive behavior

  ঘ

  Impairment in motor activity

  ঙ

  Hearing impairment
• Regarding autism spectrum disorder
  ক

  Impairment of social interaction is a core clinical feature

  খ

  Stereotyped motor mannerism is observed in children

  গ

  Hyperactivity is a common association

  ঘ

  Speech is usually normal

  ঙ

  Age of onset is usually more than 4 years of age
• Wilson disease
  ক

  Is associated with low serum ceruloplasmin level

  খ

  Has hepatic as well as neurologic manifestation

  গ

  Is X- linked recessive disorder

  ঘ

  Can manifest in newborn period

  ঙ

  Is associated with cherry red spot in eyes
• Wilson disease in children
  ক

  Multiorgan involvement may occur

  খ

  Kayser-Fleischer rings are found

  গ

  Dystonia is a common neurological manifestation

  ঘ

  Serum ceruloplasmin is increased in most of the cases

  ঙ

  24 hour urinary copper is more than 30 microgram
• Regarding Guillain-Barre syndrome
  ক

  Motor nerves are mainly involved

  খ

  High CSF protein is found

  গ

  Sensory nerves are not involved

  ঘ

  Autonomic nerves are never involved

  ঙ

  Progress of paralysis lasts up to 14 days
• Guillaine Barre syndrome
  ক

  Causes motor neuropathy

  খ

  Causes spastic paralysis

  গ

  Is a disease of central nervous system

  ঘ

  Is an autoimmune condition

  ঙ

  Usually involve the spinal cord
• CSF finding(s) in Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is/are
  ক

  Pressure 50-150 mm of water

  খ

  Red blood cell 0-4/ mm3

  গ

  Protein 100-300mg/dL

  ঘ

  White blood cell 5 cell/ mm3

  ঙ

  Glucose level is high
• Major risks of cerebral embolism are associated with
  ক

  Atrial fibrillation

  খ

  Calf vein thrombosis

  গ

  Atrial myxoma

  ঘ

  Infective endocarditis

  ঙ

  Acute rheumatic fever
• Regarding cerebral palsy
  ক

  Has heterogenous etiology

  খ

  It is a upper motor neuron lesion

  গ

  Mental retardation is a cardinal feature

  ঘ

  It is an acute neurodevelopmental disorder

  ঙ

  Results due to lesion in the brain and spinal cord
• Cerebral palsy is
  ক

  To be treated with botulinum toxin

  খ

  Associated with prematurity

  গ

  A progressive disorder

  ঘ

  Disorder of early brain development

  ঙ

  Always associated with mental retardation
• Characteristics of febrile seizure include
  ক

  Duration is less than 15 minutes

  খ

  Commonly occur between five months to six years of age

  গ

  Occurs after three days of onset of fever

  ঘ

  More than one seizure in 24 hours

  ঙ

  Typical EEG findings
• In typical febrile convulsion
  ক

  Single episode of convulsion is usual

  খ

  Fits occur during rapid rise of temperature

  গ

  Convulsion is focal

  ঘ

  Lasts more than thirty minutes

  ঙ

  Incontinence occurs
• A 7-month-old baby has presented with fever & history of convulsion. Baby cried just after birth & never had a convulsion before. The differential diagnoses include
  ক

  Febrile convulsion

  খ

  Meningitis

  গ

  Septicemia

  ঘ

  Cerebral palsy

  ঙ

  Epilepsy
• Febrile convulsion
  ক

  Causes generalized convulsion

  খ

  Lasts for 10-15 minutes

  গ

  Is characterized by normal EEG in between attacks

  ঘ

  Occurs within one year of life

  ঙ

  Leads to severe neurological complications
• Febrile seizures
  ক

  Occur between the age of 6 months to 60 months

  খ

  Occur in the absence of prior afebrile seizure

  গ

  May be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait

  ঘ

  May present with central nervous system infection

  ঙ

  Never present with status epilepticus
• Diagnostic criteria for simple febrile seizure are
  ক

  Usually last for less than 15 minutes.

  খ

  There is family history of febrile seizure

  গ

  Usually occurs between 6 months to 6 years

  ঘ

  There is characteristic EEG change

  ঙ

  There is postseizure temporary' paralysis
• Risk factor(s) for recurrence of febrile seizures is/are
  ক

  Age <1 year

  খ

  Family history of febrile seizure

  গ

  Complex febrile seizures

  ঘ

  Duration of fever >24 hour before seizure

  ঙ

  Female gender
• Microcephaly may be a feature of
  ক

  Down’s syndrome

  খ

  Congenital rubella syndrome

  গ

  Perinatal asphyxia

  ঘ

  Fragile X syndrome

  ঙ

  Mucopolysaccharidosis
• Delayed closure of the anterior fontanelle occurs in:
  ক

  Achondroplasia

  খ

  Hydrocephalus

  গ

  Osteogenesis imperfecta

  ঘ

  Hypothyroidism

  ঙ

  Microcephaly
• Hydrocephalus may be caused by:
  ক

  Arnold chiari malformation

  খ

  Cerebellar tumours

  গ

  Sagittal sinus thrombosis

  ঘ

  Parietal lobe infarction

  ঙ

  Gardner’s syndrome