Mechanics of respiration MCQ 16+

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• Changes that occur during different phases of pulmonary ventilation are
  ক

  Right ventricular stroke volume is more during inspiration compared to left ventricular stroke volume

  খ

  Physiological splitting of 2nd heart sound is more prominent during inspiration

  গ

  Increase in heart rate during inspiration

  ঘ

  Most of the tidal air enters into the upper part of the lung.

  ঙ

  Fall in intra abdominal pressure during inspiration
• During normal quiet inspiration there is an increase in
  ক

  Intra-abdominal pressure

  খ

  Venous return to the heart

  গ

  PO2 in dead space

  ঘ

  Intra-pleural pressure

  ঙ

  Intra-alveolar pressure
• During normal quiet breathing
  ক

  Intrapleural pressure is lowest at the apex of the lung

  খ

  Intra alveolar pressure is lowest at mid-inspiration

  গ

  Intrapleural pressure is lowest at the end of inspiration

  ঘ

  Most of the tidal air enters into the apex of the lungs

  ঙ

  Intra alveolar pressure is lowest at the end of inspiration
• Hemodynamic effects of respiration are
  ক

  Raised jugular venous pressure during expiration

  খ

  Fall of blood pressure up to 10 mm during expiration

  গ

  Splitting of second heart sound during expiration

  ঘ

  Increased heart rate during expiration

  ঙ

  Increased ejection fraction during inspiration
• Duration of inspiration is decreased and rate of ventilation is increased due to stimulation of
  ক

  Pneumotaxic center

  খ

  Apneustic center

  গ

  Vagus nerve

  ঘ

  Nucleus of tractus solitarius

  ঙ

  Ventral respiratory group
• During normal quiet inspiration there is
  ক

  More prominent physiological splitting of 2nd heart sound

  খ

  An increase in heart rate

  গ

  An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance

  ঘ

  An increase in elastic recoil tendency of the lung

  ঙ

  Greater stroke volume in left than right ventricle
• For achieving normal quiet inspiration
  ক

  The pressure inside the pleural cavity needs to be reduced

  খ

  The anterior ends of some ribs are raised to increase the transverse chest-diameter

  গ

  The anterior medullary respiratory centres are principally involved

  ঘ

  Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles are vital

  ঙ

  The muscles running from the chest wall to the humerus contribute significantly
• Inspiration causes
  ক

  Fall in jugular venous pressure

  খ

  Fall in blood pressure

  গ

  Prolonged right ventricular ejection

  ঘ

  Decrease in heart rate

  ঙ

  Single 2nd heart sound
• Effects of moving to high altitude include an increase in
  ক

  Alveolar ventilation

  খ

  Diffusing capacity of the lungs

  গ

  Erythropoietin level

  ঘ

  Blood HCO3- level

  ঙ

  Arterial PO2
• At the end of normal quiet inspiration
  ক

  Heart rate increases

  খ

  Physiological splitting of 2nd heart sound is more prominent

  গ

  Intrapleural pressure is lowest

  ঘ

  Most of the tidal air enters into the upper part of the lungs

  ঙ

  Intra alveolar pressure is lowest
• When a person performs deep expiration against a closed glottis there is an increase in
  ক

  Intrapleuralpressure

  খ

  Intra-alveolar pressure

  গ

  Alveolar PO2

  ঘ

  Stroke volume

  ঙ

  Blood volume in systemic circulation
• Respiratory dead space
  ক

  Saturates inspired air with water vapour

  খ

  Is 150 ml in a 70 kg adult

  গ

  Takes part in gaseous exchange

  ঘ

  Decreases during deep inspiration

  ঙ

  Is more in standing than in lying position
• During inspiration there is increase in
  ক

  Intra abdominal pressure

  খ

  Venous return to the heart

  গ

  Heart rate

  ঘ

  Intrapleural pressure

  ঙ

  Intra alveolar pressure