Gastrointestinal physiology MCQ 41+

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• Motor function of stomach
  ক

  Includes receptive relaxation

  খ

  Produces antral systole

  গ

  Helps in emulsification of lipid

  ঘ

  Includes modulated discharge from meissner’s plexus

  ঙ

  Is under hormonal control
• Defective parietal cells would result in malabsorption of
  ক

  Vitamin B12

  খ

  Iron

  গ

  Vitamin B1

  ঘ

  Folic acid

  ঙ

  Vitamin C
• Slow waves in gut smooth muscles are
  ক

  Phasic contraction

  খ

  Oscillating resting potential

  গ

  Controlled by interstitial cells of Cajal

  ঘ

  Action potentials

  ঙ

  Tonic contraction
• Defecation in infants often following a meal is caused by
  ক

  Gastrocolic refelx

  খ

  Gastroileal reflex

  গ

  Increased level of CCK

  ঘ

  Enterogastric reflex

  ঙ

  Activation of enteric nervous system
• Gastrointestinal motility is increased by
  ক

  Substance P

  খ

  Gastrin

  গ

  Motilin

  ঘ

  Secretin

  ঙ

  VIP
• Vaso active intestinal peptide
  ক

  May be secreted by a cell of bronchogenic carcinoma

  খ

  Is secreted by non beta cell in the pancreas

  গ

  Stimulate gastric acid secretion

  ঘ

  Enhance small intestinal absorption of water and electrolyte

  ঙ

  Have a normal serum level about 3000 pg/ml
• Regarding iron absorption
  ক

  Ferrous iron is absorbed better than ferric iron

  খ

  Coffee intake decreases iron absorption

  গ

  Iron absorption increases in high altitude

  ঘ

  Non-haem iron is absorbed better than haem iron

  ঙ

  Phosphate increases iron absorption
• Elements absorbed from terminal ileum are
  ক

  Vitamin B12

  খ

  Bile acid

  গ

  Vitamin D

  ঘ

  Iron

  ঙ

  Folic acid
• Calcium absorption is increased by
  ক

  Protein diet

  খ

  Vitamin - D

  গ

  Oxalates

  ঘ

  Iron overload

  ঙ

  Phosphates
• Na+ Co-transport is necessary for the intestinal absorption of
  ক

  Amino acid

  খ

  Galactose

  গ

  Bile salts

  ঘ

  Fructose

  ঙ

  Folic acid
• Iron absorption from GIT is enhanced by
  ক

  Ingestion of citrus food

  খ

  Iron deficiency states

  গ

  Partial gastrectomy

  ঘ

  Ingestion of tea

  ঙ

  Use of proton pump inhibitors
• Absorption of most of the
  ক

  Iron occurs in the duodenum

  খ

  Calcium occurs in the duodenum

  গ

  Vitamin B12 takes place in ileum

  ঘ

  Taurocholate occurs in the jejunum

  ঙ

  Water occurs in the stomach
• Decreased iron absorption occurs in
  ক

  Iron overload

  খ

  Chronic infection

  গ

  Decreased erythropoiesis

  ঘ

  Pregnancy

  ঙ

  Hypoxemia
• 1,25dihydroxycholecalciferol increases intestinal absorption of calcium ion by activating the
  ক

  Calcium binding protein

  খ

  Alkaline phosphatase

  গ

  Calcium stimulated ATPase

  ঘ

  Protein kinase C

  ঙ

  Adenyl cyclase
• The terminal ileum is the main site of absorption of
  ক

  Bile salt

  খ

  Vitamin B12

  গ

  Folic acid

  ঘ

  Iron

  ঙ

  Vitamin A
• Bile salts
  ক

  Are the only constituents of bile necessary for digestion of fat

  খ

  Have characteristic parts

  গ

  water soluble & fat soluble

  ঘ

  Are derived from cholesterol

  ঙ

  Are reabsorbed mainly in the upper small intestine

  চ

  Inhibit bile secretion by the liver
• Bile is composed of
  ক

  Bile acids

  খ

  Cholesterol

  গ

  Protein

  ঘ

  Fat soluble vitamin

  ঙ

  Cholecystokinin
• Pancreatic secretion
  ক

  Is secreted by parietal cells of stomach

  খ

  Provides necessary PH for action of pepsin

  গ

  Stimulates flow of bile

  ঘ

  Secretion is stimulated by sympathetic nerve

  ঙ

  Is stimulated by presence of HCO3- in the stomach
• Gastric hydrochloric acid
  ক

  Is secreted by parietal cells of stomach

  খ

  Provides necessary PH for action of pepsin

  গ

  Stimulates flow of bile

  ঘ

  Secretion is stimulated by sympathetic nerve

  ঙ

  Is stimulated by presence of HCO3- in the stomach
• Gastric acid secretion enhanced by
  ক

  Presence of protein in stomach

  খ

  Gastrin

  গ

  Histamine

  ঘ

  Fatty foods

  ঙ

  Secretin
• Secretion of gastric juice
  ক

  Increases when food stimulate mucosal cells in the pyloric region

  খ

  Is reduced if the vagus nerves are cut

  গ

  Is essential for absorption of vitamin B12

  ঘ

  Is associated with a decrease in the PH of venous blood draining the stomach

  ঙ

  Is essential for protein digestion
• Acidic pH of gastric juice
  ক

  Stimulates secretion of secretin

  খ

  Helps in iron absorption

  গ

  Stimulates secretion of gastrin

  ঘ

  Inhibits protein digestion

  ঙ

  Inactivates pepsinogen
• HCl secretion in the stomach is/are inhibited by
  ক

  Atropine

  খ

  Alkali

  গ

  Histamine

  ঘ

  Acetylcholine

  ঙ

  Vagal stimulation
• At low flow rate saliva in the mouth is
  ক

  Hypotonic

  খ

  acidic & rich in K+

  গ

  Hypotonic

  ঘ

  alkaline & rich in Na+

  ঙ

  Hypotonic

  চ

  acidic & low in Na+

  ছ

  Hypertonic acidic & Low in K+

  জ

  Hypertonic

  ঝ

  alkaline & rich in K+
• Stimuli that inhibit gastrin secretion are
  ক

  Presence of acid within the stomach

  খ

  Glucagon

  গ

  Somatostatin

  ঘ

  Presence of peptides within the lumen

  ঙ

  Epinephrine
• Gastrin secretion is increased
  ক

  After vagal stimulation

  খ

  Following a protein meal

  গ

  By enterogastric reflex

  ঘ

  By GTP

  ঙ

  During starvation
• Gastrin secretion is inhibited by
  ক

  Somatostatin

  খ

  Calcitonin

  গ

  Luminal acid

  ঘ

  Peptides & amino acid

  ঙ

  Luminal distention
• Gastrin secretion is increased by
  ক

  Sight and smell of food

  খ

  Distension of stomach

  গ

  Vagotomy

  ঘ

  Acid in the lumen of stomach

  ঙ

  Increased circulating level of secretin
• Stimulants for secretion of gastrointestinal hormones are presence of
  ক

  Protein meal for gastrin

  খ

  Peptides and amino acids for secretin

  গ

  Glucose for GIP

  ঘ

  Acid chyme in duodenum for cholecystokinin

  ঙ

  Fatty food for VIP
• Peptides with appetite-suppressing property include
  ক

  Cholecystokinin

  খ

  Glucagon-like peptide 1

  গ

  Glucagon-like peptide 2

  ঘ

  Somatostatin

  ঙ

  Ghrelin