Cvs physiology MCQ 98+

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• In patient with rheumatic fever, the followings indicate carditis
  ক

  Pericarditis

  খ

  Prolonged PR interval

  গ

  Diastolic murmur

  ঘ

  Sinus arrhythmia

  ঙ

  Cardiomegaly
• Angiotensin-II
  ক

  Is autacoid

  খ

  Increases tubular Na+ reabsorption

  গ

  Is formed in lungs

  ঘ

  Is a vasodilator

  ঙ

  Increases baro-reflex sensitivity
• Following are the cardiac enzymes
  ক

  Aspartate transaminase (AS

  খ

  Lactate dehydrogenase (LD

  গ

  Creatinine kinase MB (CKM

  ঘ

  Creatinine kinase BB (CDB

  ঙ

  Creatinine kinase MM (CKM
• Vagal tone tends to increase
  ক

  A-V nodal delay

  খ

  Secretion of HCl

  গ

  Motility of gastrointestinal tract

  ঘ

  Heart rate

  ঙ

  Diameter of blood vessel
• Vagal stimulation causes
  ক

  Fall in blood pressure

  খ

  Decreased cardiac output

  গ

  Constriction of pupil

  ঘ

  Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

  ঙ

  Decreased intestinal secretion
• Decreased vagal activity results in increased
  ক

  Heart rate

  খ

  Rate of respiration

  গ

  Total peripheral resistance

  ঘ

  Depth of respiration

  ঙ

  Secretion of HCl from the stomach
• In the normal heart
  ক

  The atrioventricular (Anode is usually supplied by the right coronary artery

  খ

  1-adrenoreceptors mediate chronotropic response

  গ

  Pulmonary artery systolic pressure normally varies between 40 and 140 mm of Hg

  ঘ

  The annulus fibrosus aids conduction of impulses from the atria to the ventricles

  ঙ

  Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and ventricular end diastolic volume
• Arteriosclerosis tends to raise
  ক

  Systolic blood pressure

  খ

  Pulse pressure

  গ

  Diastolic blood pressure

  ঘ

  Arterial elasticity

  ঙ

  Total peripheral resistance
• Arteriosclerosis tends to increase
  ক

  Systolic BP

  খ

  Arterial pulse pressure

  গ

  Elasticity of vessel wall

  ঘ

  Arterial compliance

  ঙ

  Diastolic BP
• Arteriosclerosis tends to increase in
  ক

  Systolic BP

  খ

  Pulse pressure

  গ

  Total peripheral resistance

  ঘ

  Diastolic BP

  ঙ

  Elasticity of vessel wall
• Local metabolic activity is the chief factor for determination of the rate of blood flow to
  ক

  Heart

  খ

  Skeletal muscle

  গ

  Skin

  ঘ

  Lung

  ঙ

  Kidney
• Local metabolic activity is the main factor to determine the rate of blood flow to
  ক

  Heart

  খ

  Skeletal muscle

  গ

  Skin

  ঘ

  Lungs

  ঙ

  Kidney
• Irregularly irregular pulse are found in
  ক

  Severe sinus arrythmia

  খ

  Atrial flutter with A-V block

  গ

  Atrial fibrillation

  ঘ

  Sinus tachycardia

  ঙ

  Supraventricular tachycardia
• In hypokalemia, ECG shows
  ক

  Prolonged PR interval

  খ

  ST depression

  গ

  Prolonged QT interval

  ঘ

  Prominent U

  ঙ

  Tall and slender
• ECG changes associated with hypokalemia include
  ক

  S-T segment depression

  খ

  Inverted T-waves

  গ

  Reduced P wave height

  ঘ

  Shortened P-R interval

  ঙ

  Prolonged QRS complex
• In normal electrocardiogram
  ক

  Depolarisation of the interventricular septum is recorded by Q wave in V5 & V6

  খ

  Depolarisation away from the positive electrode produces a negative deflection

  গ

  T-wave represents ventricular repolarisation

  ঘ

  Depolarisation proceeds from epicardium to endocardium

  ঙ

  Voltage amplitude does not vary with the thickness of cardiac muscle
• In a normal ECG the
  ক

  P- wave is due to atrial depolarization

  খ

  Q-T interval coincides with refractory period

  গ

  QRS-complex coincides with ventricular systole

  ঘ

  T- wave is due to ventricular depolarization

  ঙ

  P-R interval coincides with atrial systole
• Causes of ST elevation in ECG are
  ক

  Acute pericarditis

  খ

  Ventricular aneurysm

  গ

  Brugada syndrome

  ঘ

  Pulmonary hypertension

  ঙ

  Atrial septal defect
• The physiologic basis of electrocardiography is that
  ক

  The heart is an electrical dipole

  খ

  The heart is located in the center of Einthoven triangle

  গ

  The apices of Einthoven triangle is right arm (Rleft arm (Land right leg (R

  ঘ

  Lead I plus Lead 111 makes Lead II

  ঙ

  A-V nodal delay is 0.3 seconds
• ST segment is elevated in the following conditions
  ক

  Acute myocardial infarction

  খ

  Ventricular aneurysm

  গ

  Pericarditis

  ঘ

  Hypokalaemia

  ঙ

  Digoxin toxicity
• ECG changes in hypocalcaemia includes
  ক

  ST segment prolongation

  খ

  Prolong QT interval

  গ

  ST segment depression

  ঘ

  Prolong QRS complex

  ঙ

  Loss of P wave
• T inversion in ECG is/are a feature of
  ক

  Digoxin toxicity

  খ

  Hyperkalaemia

  গ

  Hypernatraemia

  ঘ

  Mitral valve prolapse

  ঙ

  Myocarditis
• Causes of large 'a' wave in the jugular venous pulse are
  ক

  Pulmonary hypertension

  খ

  Tricuspid regurgitation

  গ

  Pulmonary stenosis

  ঘ

  Tricuspid stenosis

  ঙ

  Atrial fibrillation
• Regarding jugular venous pressure
  ক

  Normal central venous pressure is about 9 cm column of blood

  খ

  It is elevated in right ventricular infarction

  গ

  Sternal angle is used as zero reference value

  ঘ

  Fall of venous pressure during inspiration is known as Kussmaul's sign

  ঙ

  Abdominojugular reflux is elicited when JVP is grossly elevated
• Canon a wave in jugular venous pulse is present in
  ক

  Complete heart block

  খ

  Ventricular tachycardia

  গ

  Supraventricular tachycardia

  ঘ

  Atrial fibrillation

  ঙ

  Sinus tachycardia
• The split of 2nd heart sound in healthy individual
  ক

  Is more prominent during inspiration

  খ

  Tends to disappear during expiration

  গ

  Is best heard in pulmonary area

  ঘ

  Is due to pulmonary valve closure just preceding aortic valve closure

  ঙ

  Is more prominent in aortic stenosis
• Second heart sound
  ক

  Wide fixed splitting of it is the pathognomonic feature of atrial septal defect

  খ

  Reverse splitting of it occurs in left bundle branch block

  গ

  Is a low frequency sound

  ঘ

  Signals the onset of ventricular systole

  ঙ

  The P2 component is loud in pulmonary stenosis
• A loud first heart sound is a feature of
  ক

  Mitral stenosis

  খ

  Short PR interval

  গ

  Tachycardia

  ঘ

  First degree heart block

  ঙ

  Pericardial effusion
• The second heart sound
  ক

  Has wide splitting during deep inspiration

  খ

  Occurs during the protodiastolic phase of the cardiac cycle.

  গ

  Is due to the opening of the aortic and pulmonary valves

  ঘ

  Has a pulmonary component which precedes the aortic component

  ঙ

  At birth is normally single with no splitting
• Regarding heart sounds
  ক

  First heart sound due to closure of atrio-ventricular valves

  খ

  Second heart sound is due to ciosure of semilunar valves

  গ

  Third heart sound occurs during period of ventricular filling

  ঘ

  Fourth heart sound occurs during atrial diastole

  ঙ

  An opening snap usually occurs due to calcified valve