Biochemistry In Biotechnology MCQ

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• In zinc finger proteins, the amino acid residues that coordinate zinc are
  ক

  Cys and His

  খ

  Asp and Glu

  গ

  Arg and Lys

  ঘ

  Asp and Arg
• Which one of the following need NOT be conserved in a biochemical reaction?
  ক

  Total mass

  খ

  Total moles

  গ

  Number of atoms of each element

  ঘ

  Total energy
• Match the entries in Group I with the enzymes in Group II.<br>
  ক

  <table class="table-style-1"> <tr> <td><strong>Group I</strong></td> <td><strong>Group II</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>P. NAD⁺</td> <td>1. Glutathione peroxidase</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Q. Selenium</td> <td>2. Nitrogenase</td> </tr> <tr> <td>R. Pyridoxal phosphate</td> <td>3. Lactate dehydrogenase</td> </tr> <tr> <td>S. Molybdenum</td> <td>4. Glycogen phosphorylase</td> </tr></table> P-3, Q-2, R-4, S-1

  খ

  P-4, Q-1, R-3, S-2

  গ

  P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2

  ঘ

  P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1
• An enzyme catalyzes a reaction by
  ক

  Decreasing the energy of the substrate

  খ

  Decreasing the activation energy of the reaction

  গ

  Decreasing product stability

  ঘ

  Increasing the activation barrier of the reaction
• ATP biosynthesis takes place utilizing the H⁺ gradient in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Identify the correct sites of H⁺ gradient formation.
  ক

  Across the outer membrane of mitochondria and across the inner membrane of chloroplast

  খ

  Across the inner membrane of mitochondria and across the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast

  গ

  Within the matrix of mitochondria and across the inner membrane of chloroplast

  ঘ

  Within the matrix of mitochondria and within the stroma of chloroplast
• Which one of the following statements is CORRECT for enzyme catalyzed reactions? ( ΔG is Gibbs free energy change, K_eq is equilibrium constant)
  ক

  Enzymes affect ΔG, but not K_eq

  খ

  Enzymes affect K_eq, but not ΔG

  গ

  Enzymes affect ΔG and K_eq

  ঘ

  Enzymes do not affect ΔG or K_eq
• In general, which one of the following statements is NOT CORRECT?
  ক

  Hydrogen bonds result from electrostatic interactions

  খ

  Hydrogen bonds contribute to the folding energy of proteins

  গ

  Hydrogen bonds are weaker than van der Waals interactions

  ঘ

  Hydrogen bonds are directional
• Levinthal's paradox is related to
  ক

  Protein secretion

  খ

  Protein degradation

  গ

  Protein folding

  ঘ

  Protein trafficking
• Which of the following strategies are used by cells for metabolic regulation?<br>P. Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation<br>Q. Allostery<br>R. Feedback inhibition
  ক

  P and Q only

  খ

  P and R only

  গ

  Q and R only

  ঘ

  P, Q and R
• Analysis of a hexapeptide using enzymatic cleavage reveals the following result:<br>• Amino acid composition of the peptide is: 2R, A, V, S, Y<br>• Trypsin digestion yields two fragments and the compositions are: (R, A, V) and (R, S, Y)<br>• Chymotrypsin digestion yields two fragments and the compositions are: (A, R, V, Y) and (R, S)<br>• Digestion with carboxypeptidase A yields no cleavage product.<br>Given: Trypsin cleaves at carboxyl side of R. Chymotrypsin cleaves at carboxyl side of Y. Carboxypeptidase A cleaves at amino side of the C-terminal amino acid (except R and K) of the peptide.<br>The correct amino acid sequence of the peptide is:
  ক

  RSYRVA

  খ

  AVRYSR

  গ

  SRYVAR

  ঘ

  SVRRYA
• Which one of the following statements is NOT true?
  ক

  In competitive inhibition, substrate and inhibitor compete for the same active site of an enzyme

  খ

  Addition of a large amount of substrate to an enzyme cannot overcome uncompetitive inhibition

  গ

  A transition state analogue in enzyme catalyzed reaction increases the rate of product formation

  ঘ

  In non-competitive inhibition, K_M of an enzyme for its substrate remains constant as the concentration of the inhibitor increases
• Natural proteins are composed primarily of 20 α-amino acids. Which one of the following statements is true for any of these amino acids in a solution of pH 1.5?
  ক

  Only the amino group is ionized

  খ

  Only the carboxylic acid group is ionized

  গ

  Both amino and carboxylic acid groups are ionized

  ঘ

  Both amino and carboxylic add groups are neutral
• Which one of the following is an ABC transporter?
  ক

  Multidrug resistance protein

  খ

  Acetylcholine receptor

  গ

  Bacteriorhodopsin

  ঘ

  ATP synthase
• Which of the following components constitute a molecular mechanics force field?<br>P. Bond stretching<br>Q. Bond angle bending<br>R. Torsional bond rotation<br>S. Non-bonded interactions
  ক

  P and Q only

  খ

  P, Q and R only

  গ

  P, Q and S only

  ঘ

  P, Q, R and S
• In N-linked glycosylation, the oligosaccharide chain is attached to protein by
  ক

  Asparagine

  খ

  Arginine

  গ

  Serine

  ঘ

  Threonine
• Amino acid residue which is most likely to be found in the interior of water-soluble globular proteins is
  ক

  Threonine

  খ

  Aspartic acid

  গ

  Valine

  ঘ

  Histidine
• Identify the statement that is not applicable to an enzyme catalyzed reaction.
  ক

  Enzyme catalysis involves propinquity effects

  খ

  The binding of substrate to the active site causes a strain in the substrate

  গ

  Enzymes do not accelerate the rate of reverse reaction

  ঘ

  Enzyme catalysis involves acid-base chemistry
• The active site in the alpha/beta barrel structures is usually located
  ক

  Inside the barrel

  খ

  At the amino side of the strands

  গ

  At the carboxy side of the strands

  ঘ

  At any arbitrary site
• A protein without its prosthetic group is known as
  ক

  Apoprotein

  খ

  Hemoprotein

  গ

  Holoprotein

  ঘ

  lipoprotein
• Match the chemicals in Group I with the possible type/class in Group II.<br>
  ক

  <table class="table-style-1"> <tr> <td><strong>Group I</strong></td> <td><strong>Group II</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>P. Picloram</td> <td>1. Vitamin</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Q. Zeatin</td> <td>2. Auxin</td> </tr> <tr> <td>R. Thiamine</td> <td>3. Amino Acid</td> </tr> <tr> <td>S. Glutamine</td> <td>4. Cytokinin</td> </tr></table> P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3

  খ

  P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3

  গ

  P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4

  ঘ

  P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3
• The turnover numbers for the enzymes E1 and E2 are 150 s^-1 and 15 s^-1 respectively. This means
  ক

  E1 binds to its substrate with higher affinity than E2

  খ

  The velocity of reactions catalyzed by E1 and E2 at their respective saturating substrate concentrations could be equal, if concentration of E2 used is 10 times that of E1

  গ

  The velocity of E1 catalyzed reaction is always greater than that of E2

  ঘ

  The velocity of E1 catalyzed reaction at a particular enzyme concentration and saturating substrate concentration is lower than that of E2 catalyzed reaction under the same conditions
• Determine the correctness or otherwise of the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R).<br>Assertion: Plants convert fatty acids into glucose.<br>Reason: Plants have peroxisomes.
  ক

  Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct reason for (A)

  খ

  Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason for (A)

  গ

  (A) is true but (R) is false

  ঘ

  (A) is false but (R) is true
• Which one of the following amino acid residues will destabilize an α-helix when inserted in the middle of the helix?
  ক

  Pro

  খ

  Val

  গ

  Ile

  ঘ

  Leu
• The degree of inhibition for an enzyme catalyzed reaction at a particular inhibitor concentration is independent of initial substrate concentration. The inhibition follows
  ক

  Competitive inhibition

  খ

  Mixed inhibition

  গ

  Uncompetitive inhibition

  ঘ

  Non-competitive inhibition
• Match the following photoreceptors with their prosthetic groups and spectral specificity<br>
  ক

  <table class="table-style-1"> <tr> <td><strong>Photoreceptor</strong></td> <td><strong>Moiety that absorbs light</strong></td> <td><strong>Absorption (nm)</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>P. Phototropin</td> <td>1. Chromobilin</td> <td>a. 400 - 500</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Q. Cryptochrome</td> <td>2. FAD</td> <td>b. 600 - 800</td> </tr> <tr> <td>R. Phytochrome</td> <td>3. FMN</td> <td>c. 500 - 600</td> </tr> </table> P-3-a, Q-2-a, R-1-b

  খ

  P-1-b, Q-1-a, R-3-b

  গ

  P-3-a, Q-1-a, R-1-c

  ঘ

  P-2-c, Q-1-c, R-1-a
• Identify the enzyme that catalyzes the following reaction.<br>$$\alpha {\text{ - Ketoglutarate}} + NADH + NH_4^ + + {H^ + } \to {\text{Glutamate}} + NA{D^ + } + {H_2}O$$
  ক

  Glutamate synthetase

  খ

  Glutamate oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  গ

  Glutamate dehydrogenase

  ঘ

  α-Ketoglutarate deaminase
• Oxidation reduction reactions with positive standard redox potential (ΔE°) have
  ক

  Positive ΔG°

  খ

  Negative ΔG°

  গ

  Positive ΔE⁺

  ঘ

  Negative ΔE⁺
• The value of ΔG°, if given K_ep is 1.7, at 23°C will be
  ক

  -17.19 kJ mol^-1

  খ

  -19.8 kJ mol^-1

  গ

  +52.82 kJ mol^-1

  ঘ

  -117.07 kJ mol^-1
• Match items in Group I with Group II.<br>
  ক

  <table class="table-style-1"> <tr> <td><strong>Group I</strong></td> <td><strong>Group II</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td>P. Glycolytic pathway</td> <td>1. Chloroplast</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Q. Eukaryotic oxidative metabolism</td> <td>2. Glyoxysomes</td> </tr> <tr> <td>R. Glyoxylate cycle</td> <td>3. Mitochondria</td> </tr> <tr> <td>S. Calvin cycle</td> <td>4. Cytosol</td> </tr></table> P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4

  খ

  P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1

  গ

  P-4, Q-3, R-2, S-1

  ঘ

  P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2
• If a plant is shifted to cold temperature, which of the following changes would take place in its membrane?
  ক

  Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would increase

  খ

  Ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids would decrease

  গ

  Absolute amount of both fatty acids would increase keeping the ratio same

  ঘ

  Absolute amount of both fatty acids would remain unchanged