The equivalent diameter for fluid flow through square cross section channel of side 'x', for pressure drop calculation purpose is given by

For annular flow of a fluid, the ratio of the equivalent diameter for pressure drop calculation to the equivalent diameter for heat transfer calculation is

A

$$\frac{{{{\text{d}}_1}}}{{{{\text{d}}_1} + {{\text{d}}_2}}}$$

B

$$\frac{{{{\text{d}}_2}}}{{{{\text{d}}_1} + {{\text{d}}_2}}}$$

C

$$\frac{{{{\text{d}}_1} + {{\text{d}}_2}}}{{{{\text{d}}_1}}}$$

D

$$\frac{{{{\text{d}}_1} + {{\text{d}}_2}}}{{{{\text{d}}_2}}}$$

The equivalent diameter for fluid flow through a channel of constant non-circular cross section of area 'A' is given by (where, P = perimeter of the channel in contact with the fluid)

A

4 A/P

B

A/P

C

4 P/A

D

$$\sqrt {\text{A}} $$

Equivalent diameter for heat transfer calculation for a duct of square cross-section having each side as 'd' will be

A

d

B

$$\sqrt {\text{d}} $$

C

$$\sqrt {2\pi {\text{d}}} $$

D

$$\sqrt {2{\text{d}}} $$

The length of each side of square A is increased by 100 percent to make square B. Again the length of each side of square B is increased by 50 percent to make square C. By what percent is the area of square C greater than the sum of the areas of square A and B?

A

75%

B

80%

C

85%

D

90%

The fluid velocity varies as the square of the cylindrical pipe diameter, in case of steady state laminar flow at constant pressure drop, for __________ fluid.

A

Newtonion

B

Dilatant

C

Pseudo-plastic

D

Non-Newtonion

The fluid velocity varies as the square root of the cylindrical pipe diameter in case of steady state laminar flow at constant pressure drop fo __________ fluid.

A

Dilatant

B

Pseudo-plastic

C

Bingham plastic

D

Newtonion

The most economical channel section for the fluid flow is the one for which the discharge is maximum for a given cross-sectional area. Vertical velocity distribution in an open channel for laminar flow can be assumed to be

A

Parabolic

B

Hyperbolic

C

Straight line

D

None of these

Two fluids are flowing through two similar pipes of the same diameter. The Reynold's number is same. For the same flow rate if the viscosity of a fluid is reduced to half the value of the first fluid, the pressure drop will

A

Increase

B

Decrease

C

Remain unchanged

D

Data insufficient to predict relative pressure drop

Applying a pressure drop across a capillary results in a volumetric flow rate 'Q' under laminar flow conditions. The flow rate for the same pressure drop, in a capillary of the same length but half the radius is

A

$$\frac{{\text{Q}}}{2}$$

B

$$\frac{{\text{Q}}}{4}$$

C

$$\frac{{\text{Q}}}{8}$$

D

$$\frac{{\text{Q}}}{{16}}$$

The ratio of the hydraulic radius to the diameter of the channel, for maximum mean velocity of flow in a circular channel, in open channel flow is

A

0.3

B

0.9

C

0.03

D

0.66

The equivalent diameter for fluid flow through square cross section channel of side 'x', for pressure drop calculation purpose is given by

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