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When a router cannot route a datagram or host cannot deliver a datagram, the datagram is discarded and the router or the host sends a ____________ message back to the source host that initiated the datagram.
Consider three software items: Program-X, Control Flow Diagram of Program-Y and Control Flow Diagram of Program-Z as shown below Program-X: Control Flow Diagram of Program-Y sumcal (int maxint, int value) {       int result=0, i=0;       if (value <0)       {           Value = -value;       }       while ( (i
Consider the following statements regarding the TCP/IP protocol: 1. TELNET is an application of TCP protocol. 2. SMTP provides a basic electronic mail facility and makes use of TCP to send message to an SMTP module on another host. 3. The Internet Protocol is used at internet layer to provide the routing function across multiple network. Which of the above statements are correct ?
At an Electronic Data processing unit, five out of the eight program sets P,Q,R,S,T,U,V and W are to be operated daily. On any one day, except for the first day of a month, only three of the program sets must be the ones that were operated on the previous day. The program operating must also satisfy the following conditions: 1. If program P is to be operated on a day, V can’t be operated on that day. 2. If Q is to be operated on a day, T must be one of the programs to be operated after Q. 3. If R is to be operated on a day, V must be one of the programs to be operated after R. 4. The last program to be operated on any day must be either S or U. If the program sets R and W are to be operated on the first day, which of the following could be the other program on that day?
Consider the following three statements about link state and distance vector routing protocols, for a large network with 500 network nodes and 4000 links. [S1] The computational overhead in link state protocols is higher than in distance vector protocols. [S2] A distance vector protocol (with split horizon) avoids persistent routing loops, but not a link state protocol. [S3] After a topology change, a link state protocol will converge faster than a distance vector protocol. Which one of the following is correct about S1, S2, and S3?
Researchers have developed a three-person brain network called BrainNet that lets participants send or receive thoughts from each other. Further, researchers claimed that the network records electrical activity and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the brain, to transmit information without invasion as it can send one bit of a data at a time. Which of the following determines the given statement? I: BrainNet records electrical activity and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the brain. II: BrainNet can send more than one bit of data at a time. III:  BrainNet is a three-person brain network developed to transmit information. 
Host A(on TCP/IP v4 network A) sends an IP datagram D to host B (also on TCP/IP v4 network B) Assume that no error occurred during the transmission of D. When D reaches B, which of the following IP header field(s) may be different from that of the original datagram D? i) TTL    ii) Checksum     iii) Fragment Offset
Which constructor of Datagram Socket class is used to create a datagram socket and binds it with the given Port Number?
It costs Rs. p each to send the first thousand messsages and Rs. q to send each subsequent one . If r is greater than 1,000, how many Rupees will it cost to send r messages ?
Suppose we want to design a synchronous circuit that processes a string of 0’s and 1’s. Given a string, it produces another string by replacing the first 1 in any subsequence of consecutive 1’s by a 0. Consider the following example. Input sequence: 00100011000011100 Output sequence: 00000001000001100 A Mealy Machine is a state machine where both the next state and the output are functions of the present state and the current input. The above mentioned circuit can be designed as a two-state Mealy machine. The states in the Mealy machine can be represented using Boolean values 0 and 1. We denote the current state, the next state, the next incoming bit, and the output bit of the Mealy machine by the variables s, t, b and y respectively. Assume the initial state of the Mealy machine is 0. What are the Boolean expressions corresponding to t and y in terms of s and b ?