Cardiac output is not affected by __
Cardiac output is not affected by __ Correct Answer sleep
Cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output denoted by the symbols {\displaystyle Q}Q, or {\displaystyle {\dot {Q}}_{c}}{\dot Q}_{{c}}, is a term used in cardiac physiology that describes the volume of blood being pumped by the heart, by the left and right ventricle, per unit time. Cardiac output (CO) is the product of the heart rate (HR), i.e. the number of heartbeats per minute (bpm), and the stroke volume (SV), which is the volume of blood pumped from the ventricle per beat; thus, CO = HR × SV.