RDBMS MCQ

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• A __________ checkpoint is a checkpoint where transactions are allowed to perform updates even while buffer blocks are being written out.
  ক

  Temporary

  খ

  Fuzzy

  গ

  Permanent

  ঘ

  Recovery
• State true or false: Using checkpoints reduces overhead
  ক

  True

  খ

  False
• We say that a transaction has been ________ when its commit log record has been output to stable storage.
  ক

  Locked

  খ

  Completed

  গ

  Committed

  ঘ

  Released
• The value of the data item prior to the write is called as _________
  ক

  Transaction identifier

  খ

  Data-item identifier

  গ

  Old value

  ঘ

  New value
• The unique identifier of the transaction that performed the write operation is called as _______
  ক

  Transaction identifier

  খ

  Data-item identifier

  গ

  Old value

  ঘ

  New value
• Which of the following fields does the update log record have?
  ক

  Transaction identifier

  খ

  Data-item identifier

  গ

  Old value

  ঘ

  All of the mentioned
• An update log record describes a ________ database write
  ক

  Single

  খ

  Double

  গ

  Triple

  ঘ

  Quadruple
• The most widely used structure for recording database modification is called as _______
  ক

  Log

  খ

  List

  গ

  Queue

  ঘ

  Stack
• The area of memory where blocks temporarily reside is called as ________
  ক

  Block buffer

  খ

  Disk buffer

  গ

  Physical buffer

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• The blocks residing on the disk are referred to as ___________
  ক

  Physical blocks

  খ

  Buffer blocks

  গ

  Disk blocks

  ঘ

  Disk buffer
• The partitions of the database into fixed length storage units are called as __________
  ক

  Blocks

  খ

  Tuples

  গ

  Relations

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• State true or false: The destination block has incorrect information in case of a total failure
  ক

  True

  খ

  False
• If a failure has occurred in the midst of a transfer, it is called as _________
  ক

  Successful completion

  খ

  Partial failure

  গ

  Total failure

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• Which of the following is not a classification of storage
  ক

  Volatile storage

  খ

  Nonvolatile storage

  গ

  Stable storage

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• The assumption that the hardware errors bring the system to a halt is called as ________
  ক

  Halter assumption

  খ

  Phantom assumption

  গ

  Fail-stop assumption

  ঘ

  Disk failure
• If there is a hardware malfunction or a bug in the database that causes the loss of content of volatile storage, it is called as ________
  ক

  Logical error

  খ

  System error

  গ

  System crash

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• If a system has entered and undesirable state due to which it is unable to continue with normal execution, it is called as _________
  ক

  Logical error

  খ

  System error

  গ

  System crash

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• If the transaction can no longer continue with its normal execution because of some internal condition, it is called as a _________
  ক

  Logical error

  খ

  System error

  গ

  System crash

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• Which of the following can cause a transaction failure
  ক

  Logical error

  খ

  System error

  গ

  More than one of the mentioned

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• State true or false: Exclusive locks are held until transaction commit in degree two consistency
  ক

  True

  খ

  False
• Which of the following does cursor stability ensure
  ক

  The tuple that is currently being processed by the iteration is locked in shared mode

  খ

  The tuple that is currently being processed is not locked in shared mode

  গ

  Any modified tuples are not locked in exclusive mode

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• To prevent the phantom phenomenon, _______ is used
  ক

  Key value locking

  খ

  Next key locking

  গ

  Previous key locking

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• State true or false: Key value locking provides increased concurrency
  ক

  True

  খ

  False
• Transactions that involve user interactions are called __________
  ক

  Validations

  খ

  Conversations

  গ

  Interfaces

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• _________ is a form of two degree consistency designed for programs that iterate over tuples of a relation by using cursors.
  ক

  Cursor stability

  খ

  Serializability

  গ

  Non-serializability

  ঘ

  Predicate locking
• Which of the following is included in the operational mechanism of the index locking protocol?
  ক

  Every transaction must have at least one index

  খ

  A transaction that performs a lookup must acquire a shared lock on all the index leaf nodes that it accesses

  গ

  The rule of the two phase locking mechanism must be observed

  ঘ

  All of the mentioned
• Which of the following does not lock the entire index
  ক

  Phantom locking

  খ

  Phantom problem

  গ

  Index locking

  ঘ

  Index problem
• ________ deletes a data item from a database
  ক

  Delete(Q)

  খ

  Insert(Q)

  গ

  Drop(Q)

  ঘ

  None of the mentioned
• Which of the following transactions can multiversion two phase locking protocol not differentiate.
  ক

  Read only transactions

  খ

  Update transactions

  গ

  All of the mentioned

  ঘ

  Double operator transactions
• In ________ no two aborts occur unless two concurrent transactions update the same data item.
  ক

  Multiversion scheme

  খ

  Timestamp protocol

  গ

  Lock based protocol

  ঘ

  Snapshot isolation