Medical Post Graduation | Pathology | Cell injury & adaptations

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Cellular adaptive responses include

ক

Metaplasia

খ

Hyperplasia

গ

Necrosis

ঘ

Fatty change

ঙ

Dysplasia

Cellular adaptation includes

ক

Atrophy

খ

Hyperplasia

গ

Hypertrophy

ঘ

Metastasis

ঙ

Dystrophy

Cellular adaptations include following conditions

ক

Hypertrophy

খ

Hyperplasia

গ

Atrophy

ঘ

Dystrophy

ঙ

Dysplasia

Adaptive changes of tissue are

ক

Hypertrophy

খ

Hyperplasia

গ

Metaplasia

ঘ

Dysplasia

ঙ

Dystrophy

The cellular adaptation includes

ক

Hyperplasia

খ

Atrophy

গ

Hypertrophy

ঘ

Apoptosis

ঙ

Calcification

Cellular adaptations are

ক

Atrophy

খ

Metaplasia

গ

Hyperplasia

ঘ

Agensis

ঙ

Dysplasia

Hypertrophy is associated with an

ক

Increase in the bulk of a tissue or organ

খ

Increase in functional capacity of organs

গ

Increase in the number of mitosis

ঘ

Increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue

ঙ

Absolute decrease in interstitial tissue

Hypertrophy refers to

ক

Increase in the size of cells

খ

Increase in the size of affected organs

গ

Increased production of cellular proteins

ঘ

Increase in the number of cells

ঙ

Increased accumulation of cellular lipids

Hypertrophy of an organ

ক

Is prone to ischaemia

খ

Is a reversible process

গ

Means increased size due to increased number of cells

ঘ

Is always a pathological process

ঙ

Is not seen where permanent cells make up the tissue

Hyperplasia

ক

Results in increased cell numbers

খ

Occurs in uterus

গ

Results in increased cell size

ঘ

Occurs in myocardium

ঙ

Occurs in brain tissue

Hyperplasia is

ক

Seen in organs made of labile cells

খ

A reversible adaptive change

গ

Lead to malignancy in some cases

ঘ

Never associated with hypertrophy

ঙ

Seen in epithelium only

Pathologic hyperplasia associated with an increased risk of malignancy includes

ক

Endometrial hyperplasia

খ

Atypical ductal hyperplasia of breast

গ

Nodular prostatic hyperplasia

ঘ

Hyperplasia of gastric pits

ঙ

Chief cell hyperplasia

Intestinal metaplasia

ক

May occur in stomach

খ

May occur in esophagus

গ

Is a risk factor of cancer

ঘ

Needs regular surveillance

ঙ

Can be caused by prolonged use of proton pump inhibitor (PP

Following are the example of metaplasia

ক

Replacement of normal squamous cells of ectocervix by dysplastic cells

খ

Replacement of bronchial columnar lining cells by squamous cells

গ

Replacement of gastric foveolar cells by goblet cells

ঘ

Replacement of old scar by calcium deposits

ঙ

Presence of gastric type of mucosa in Meckels diverticulum

Metaplasia

ক

Is a two/double edged sword

খ

Results from reprogramming of stem cells

গ

Is a reversible condition

ঘ

Results when one type of adult cell is transformed into another type of adult cell

ঙ

Is always encountered in epithelial cells

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