Zoana

Zoana Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Zoana is a brand name. Its generic name is Nitazoxanide.

Introduction

Zoana is an anthelmintic and anti-protozoal drug used to treat various parasitic infections such as giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, and trichomoniasis, as well as helminthic infections like ascariasis and hookworm. It is available in oral and intravenous solutions.

Uses

Zoana is used to treat the following infections: Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium, Trichomonas vaginalis, Ascariasis, Enterobius vermicularis, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.

Mechanism of Action

Zoana works by inhibiting the cytopathic effect of certain protozoa and helminths. It may works by interfering with DNA and RNA synthesis and by inhibiting the development of the parasites.

How Long Does it take to Work?

The time it takes for nitazoxanide to take effect varies and depends on the type of infection being treated. Generally, it begins to work within hours or days after ingestion, however, in order for full effectiveness, it may be necessary to continue taking nitazoxanide for several weeks or months.

Absorption

Zoana is absorbed quickly and completely when taken orally. The peak plasma concentration reaches within one hour of dosing.

Route of Elimination

Zoana is eliminated mainly through the feces. It is not known to be excreted in urine.

Dosage

Zoana is available in tablet form in the following dosages:
  • Adult dose: 500 mg twice daily for three days.
  • Children 2-11 years: one 11-30 mg/kg/day in two divided doses (maximum 500 mg/day) three days duration or two divided doses (maximum 12 mg/kg/day) for five days.
  • Children 1-2 years: 11 mg/kg/day in two divided doses (maximum 500 mg/day) three days duration or two divided doses (maximum 12 mg/kg/day) for five days.

Administration

Zoana should be taken orally, with food or milk to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. It should be swallowed whole with a glass of water without crushing, splitting or chewing the tablet.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Zoana include: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, and diarrhea. Serious side effects are rare, but may include an increased risk of developing an infection, liver toxicity, or allergic reactions.

Toxicity

Zoana is generally considered to be safe at recommended doses. An acute overdose of nitazoxanide can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, increased heart rate, and confusion.

Precautions

Patients should inform their healthcare provider if they have a history of liver or kidney disease before taking Zoana. In addition, it is important to drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication to reduce the risk of dehydration.

Interactions

Zoana may interact with other medications, including antibiotics, antifungals, and anticonvulsants. It should not be taken with the anticonvulsants phenobarbital and primidone. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications they are taking before starting Zoana.

Disease Interaction

Patients with a history of liver or kidney disease should not take Zoana. In addition, this medication should be used cautiously in patients with decreased kidney function, as it is excreted mainly by the kidneys.

Drug Interaction

Drugs that may interact with Zoana include antibiotics, antifungals, anticonvulsants, and antidiabetics. It should not be taken with the anticonvulsants phenobarbital and primidone. Patients should inform their doctor of all medications they are taking before starting Zoana.

Food Interactions

Zoana can be taken with or without food. Taking the medication with food may reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

Pregnancy Use

Zoana should not be used during pregnancy as it may cause harm to the unborn baby.

Lactation Use

Zoana is not known to pass into breast milk and can be used by breastfeeding mothers. However, caution should be exercised as there have not been sufficient studies to assess the safety of this drug in breastfeeding women.

Acute Overdose

An acute overdose of Zoana can result in vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, increased heart rate, and confusion. Treatment of an overdose usually involves supportive care, such as intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration and monitor vital signs.

Contraindication

Zoana should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug. It should also not be used in pregnant or breastfeeding women, or in patients with a history of liver or kidney disease.

Use Direction

Zoana should be taken orally, with food or milk to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. It should be swallowed whole with a glass of water without crushing, splitting or chewing the tablet.

Storage Condition

Zoana should be stored at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep out of the reach of children.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of nitazoxanide has not been determined in humans.

Half Life

The elimination half-life of nitazoxanide is 8-14 hours.

Clearance

The clearance of nitazoxanide is 4.6 ± 2.5mL/min/kg.

Here you find in details version of Zoana

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Zoana

What is Zoana?

Zoana is an antiparasitic medication used to treat infections caused by parasites, such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba species.

What is Zoana used to treat?

Zoana is used to treat infections caused by parasites, such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba species. It can also be used to treat diarrhea caused by these parasites.

How does Zoana work?

Zoana works by blocking the energy production process of parasites, which inhibits their growth and reproduction. This ultimately leads to the death of the parasites.

Are there any side effects associated with Zoana?

The most common side effects of Zoana are nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, and vomiting. If these side effects are severe or do not go away, talk to your doctor about other treatment options.

Does Zoana interact with any other drugs?

Zoana may interact with certain antibiotics, medications for diabetes, warfarin, and other medications. It is important to tell your doctor about all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications that you are taking before using Zoana.

Who should not take Zoana?

You should not take Zoana if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, have severe liver or kidney disease, or are allergic to Zoana or any of its ingredients. Talk to your doctor before starting any new medications.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Zoana?

If you miss a dose of Zoana, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue on your regular dosing schedule. Do not double your dose to make up for the missed dose.

How long does it take for Zoana to work?

The time it takes for Zoana to work varies depending on the type of infection and the dosage. Most infections improve after 1 to 3 days of treatment, but it may take up to 10 days for some infections.

What should I do if I experience an allergic reaction to Zoana?

If you experience an allergic reaction to Zoana, such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling, stop taking the medication and seek emergency medical attention.

Is Zoana safe for children?

Yes, Zoana is safe for children. It is important to follow the dosage instructions as directed by your doctor. Do not give your child a double dose if they miss one.

Will I need to take a second dose of Zoana if my infection does not improve?

In most cases, a single dose of Zoana is enough to treat an infection. However, if your infection does not improve after one dose, your doctor may prescribe a second dose of the medication.

Is Zoana approved by the FDA?

Yes, Zoana is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It is available in the US as a prescription medication.

Can I take Zoana while breastfeeding?

No, you should not take Zoana while breastfeeding. It is unknown if the medication passes into breast milk, so it is best to avoid taking it while breastfeeding.

Can Zoana be used to treat other conditions?

No, Zoana is only approved to treat infections caused by parasites. It should not be used to treat any other condition.

Can Zoana be used to treat traveler's diarrhea?

Yes, Zoana can used to treat traveler's diarrhea caused by parasites. Talk to your doctor about the best way to treat your condition.

Is Zoana safe to take during pregnancy?

No, Zoana should not be taken during pregnancy. The safety of this medication during pregnancy has not been established. Talk to your doctor about other treatment options.

How should Zoana be stored?

Zoana should be stored at room temperature away from light and moisture. Keep the medication in the original container and do not store it in the bathroom or other damp areas.

How long should Zoana be taken?

The length of time Zoana is taken depends on the type and severity of infection. Your doctor will determine the right course of treatment for you.

Are there any other medications I can take if Zoana doesn't work?

If Zoana does not work, there are other antiparasitic medications, such as metronidazole, that can be used to treat parasitic infections. Talk to your doctor about the best treatment option for you.

What is the most common dosage of Zoana?

The most common dosage of Zoana is 500mg taken twice daily for 3 days. However, the exact dosage and length of treatment may differ depending on the type and severity of the infection.

Can Zoana be taken with food?

Yes, Zoana can be taken with or without food. If the medication causes an upset stomach, try taking it with meals or snacks.

Is Zoana available over-the-counter?

No, Zoana is not available over-the-counter. It is only available as a prescription medication.

Can Zoana be used to treat viral infections?

No, Zoana is not effective against viral infections and should not be used to treat them.

Are there any other uses for Zoana?

No, Zoana is only approved to treat parasitic infections. It should not be used to treat any other conditions.

What should I do if I experience severe stomach pain while taking Zoana?

If you experience severe stomach pain while taking Zoana, stop taking the medication and call your doctor right away. Severe stomach pain could be a sign of a serious reaction to the medication.

Is Zoana covered by insurance?

This depends on your insurance provider. Check with your insurance company to see if Zoana is covered under your plan.

Is it safe to take Zoana for a long time?

No, Zoana is not meant to be taken for a long period of time and should only be taken for the duration of your infection. Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have about long-term use of Zoana.

Does Zoana cause drowsiness?

No, Zoana does not typically cause drowsiness. However, it is important to talk to your doctor about any side effects you experience while taking this medication.

Can Zoana cause a rash?

Yes, Zoana can cause a rash in some people. If you experience a rash while taking this medication, stop taking Zoana and talk to your doctor right away.

What safety measures should be taken while taking Zoana?

It is important to read and follow the instructions in the medication guide before taking Zoana. It is also important to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration and to tell your doctor if you have any pre-existing medical conditions.

Is Zoana safe to take while taking other medications?

Yes, Zoana is generally safe to take with other medications. However, it is always important to talk to your doctor about all medications you are taking before starting Zoana.

Can Zoana be taken with alcohol?

No, Zoana should not be taken with alcohol. Drinking alcohol can decrease the effectiveness of the medication and may increase the risk of serious side effects.

Can I donate blood after taking Zoana?

Yes, you can donate blood after taking Zoana. However, make sure to inform the person collecting the blood of the medications that you are taking.

What are the possible drug interactions with Zoana?

Zoana can interact with certain antibiotics, medications for diabetes, warfarin, and other medications. It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist about all other medications you are taking before starting Zoana.

Does Zoana have any long-term side effects?

There are no known long-term side effects associated with Zoana. However, if you experience any persistent or unusual side effects, talk to your doctor right away.

Will I still need to take Zoana if I have a fever?

If you have a fever and are taking Zoana for an infection caused by parasites, it is important to finish the full course of the medication as prescribed by your doctor. Fever is a sign that your body is fighting the infection and the medication can help speed up the process.

Is Zoana available as a generic medication?

No, Zoana is not currently available as a generic medication. However, generic versions of the drug may become available in the future.

Can I take Zoana with ibuprofen?

Yes, you can take Zoana with ibuprofen. However, it is important to talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medications while taking Zoana.

Should I take Zoana if I am experiencing nausea?

If you are experiencing nausea and you are taking Zoana for a parasite infection, it is important to finish the full course of the medication as prescribed by your doctor. Taking the medication with food may help reduce nausea.

Can Zoana cause an increased heart rate?

Yes, Zoana can cause an increased heart rate. If you experience an unusually fast or erratic heartbeat while taking this medication, talk to your doctor right away.

What should I do if I experience vomiting or constipation while taking Zoana?

If you experience vomiting or constipation while taking Zoana, talk to your doctor right away. These side effects may require changes to your diet or the use of other medications.

Can I take Zoana if I have high blood pressure?

Yes, you can take Zoana if you have high blood pressure. However, it is important to monitor your blood pressure closely while taking this medication.