Tropicam
Tropicam Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Tropicam is a brand name. Its generic name is Tropicamide.
Tropicam
Tropicam is a topical antimuscarinic medication that is used to reduce the particle size of the pupil of the eye to inhibit visual accommodation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. It has a marked effect on pupillary size and a marked effect on visual accommodation for a short duration of time.
Uses for
Tropicam is used to reduce pupil size for diagnostic procedures like ophthalmoscopy, endothelial specular microscopy, fundus photography, and tonography. Its use also includes therapeutic management of acute angle-closure glaucoma and sympathetic ophthalmia.
Mechanism of Action
Tropicam binds to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on the iris sphincter muscle resulting in a decrease in the muscle's contractility. This results in mydriasis (dilation) and cycloplegia (paralysis of accommodation). Tropicam is also believed to decrease intraocular pressure.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Tropicam begins to take effect within 30 minutes and can last for up to 8 hours.
Absorption
Tropicam is rapidly absorbed through the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. It is also absorbed through the ciliary body and iris.
Route of Elimination
Tropicam is metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidneys.
Dosage
The recommended dose of tropicamide is one drop of a 0.5% or 1% solution into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye. The strength and amount of medicinal product must be specified when prescribing and/or dispensing tropicamide.
Administration
Tropicam is administered via topical ophthalmic route. It should not come into contact with the eye lids and conjunctivae.
Side Effects
The most common reported side effects from tropicamide use are burning, stinging, discomfort or a feeling of foreign body sensation in the eyes, blurred vision, myopia, conjunctival hyperemia, decrease in intraocular pressure, transient ischemic optic neuropathy, ciliary block glaucoma, circumpapillary telengiectasia, purulent conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, and keratitis. It can also cause systemic effects on the cardiovascular system, such as tachycardia and hypertension.
Toxicity
Tropicam is not known to be toxic at therapeutic doses. In case of accidental ingestion, the effects may include blurred vision, drowsiness, insomnia, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and increased salivation and bronchial secretions.
Precaution
Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of systemic side effects such as hypertension and tachycardia, especially in those with a history of cardiovascular disease. Long-term use of tropicamide may increase the risk of cataracts so patients should be monitored for any changes in vision. It should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to anticholinergics.
Interaction
Tropicam may interact with other medications, including anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, digitalis glycosides, narcotics, orphenadrine, quinidine, and sedatives. It may also interact with antihistamines, antimuscarinics, and para-aminobenzoic acid.
Disease Interactions
Tropicam should be used with caution in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, congestive heart failure, urinary retention, arrhythmias, and bronchial asthma. It may exacerbate narrow angle glaucoma in some patients.
Drug Interactions
Tropicam may interact with other ophthalmic products such as mydriatics, miotics, adrenergics, anti-inflammatory agents, and antiglaucoma agents. It may also interact with medications used to treat neurological disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and gastrointestinal disorders.
Food Interactions
Tropicam should not be taken with food, as it can impair absorption.
Pregnancy Use
Tropicam should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. The safety and efficacy of the drug in pregnant women has not been established.
Lactation Use
Tropicam is excreted in the breast milk, and should not be used during lactation.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose of tropicamide may cause tachycardia, hypertension, and CNS disturbances, although the effects are usually mild. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Contraindication
Tropicam is contraindicated in patients with narrow angle glaucoma, hypersensitivity to anticholinergics, and in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease, bladder neck obstruction, or hiatal hernia.
Use Direction
Tropicam should be administered as one drop of the appropriate concentration into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye three to four times daily. It should not be used for more than 2 weeks without consulting a physician.
Storage Condition
Tropicam should be stored at room temperature between 15° C and 30° C. Protect from light and moisture and keep away from children.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for tropicamide is approximately 10-15L/kg.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of tropicamide is approximately 1.6 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of tropicamide is approximately 35-60 mL/min/kg.
Here you find in details version of Tropicam
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Tropicam
.What is Tropicam?
Tropicam is a medication used to temporarily enlarge the pupil of the eye. It may be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
What are the side effects of Tropicam?
Common side effects may include dry eyes, eye irritation, blurred vision, increased sensitivity to light, and/or temporary changes in eye color, or increased pressure in the eye.
How does Tropicam work?
Tropicam works by temporarily paralyzing the ciliary muscle of the eye, which is responsible for pupil constriction. By paralyzing this muscle, the pupil remains dilated for a period of time.
What are the uses of Tropicam?
Tropicam is used to temporarily expand the pupil or to enhance visualization of the anterior segment of the eye. It may be used during ophthalmic procedures such as retinal examination, gonioscopy, or the placement of iris lenses, and for diagnosis of conditions including glaucoma and cataracts.
What is the dosage of Tropicam?
The recommended dose of Tropicam is 0.5–1% solution, usually applied as single drops into conjunctival sacs. Children may require lower dosages.
When should Tropicam not be used?
Tropicam should not be used in people with active inflammatory eye conditions, or in people who have had an allergic reaction to Tropicam.
What should I tell my doctor before using Tropicam?
Tell your doctor about any health conditions you have, any medications you take, and if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or plan to become pregnant.
Can Tropicam be used in children?
Yes, Tropicam can be used in children, but lower dosages may be necessary. Always consult a doctor for specific instructions on how to use Tropicam in children.
Can you become dependent on Tropicam?
No, Tropicam is not a habit-forming medication and will not cause dependence.
Can Tropicam be used for long-term?
No, Tropicam is intended only for short-term use to temporarily dilate the pupils.
Is Tropicam safe?
Yes, when used as directed, Tropicam is safe. Always consult a doctor for instructions on how to use Tropicam appropriately.
Can Tropicam be used with contacts in?
No, contact lenses should be removed before the administration of Tropicam. Reinsert the contacts after 15 minutes.
Can Tropicam cause blurry vision?
Yes, temporarily blurred vision is one of the common side effects of Tropicam. Consult your doctor if this side effect does not go away within a few hours.
Are there any alternatives to Tropicam?
Yes, other mydriatic medications, such as cyclopentolate and phenylephrine, can be used to temporarily enlarge the pupil.
How soon will Tropicam take effect?
Tropicam usually takes effect within 15 minutes after administration.
Can Tropicam cause any long-term effects?
No, Tropicam is intended for short-term use to temporarily enlarge the pupil and should not cause any long-term effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Tropicam?
If you miss a dose of Tropicam, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose. Do not take two doses of Tropicam at the same time.
What should I do if I overdosed on Tropicam?
If you overdose on Tropicam, seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of a Tropicam overdose may include blurred vision, nausea, dizziness, confusion, or sleepiness.
Can Tropicam be used while pregnant?
Tropicam should not be used by pregnant women unless specifically instructed by a doctor.
Are there any drug interactions with Tropicam?
Yes, some drugs can interact with Tropicam. Tell your doctor about any medications you are taking to make sure they do not interact with Tropicam. These drugs may include anticoagulants, beta blockers, CNS depressants, diuretics, or MAO inhibitors.
Can I take Tropicam with alcohol?
No, it is not recommended to take Tropicam with alcohol or other drugs. Doing so may increase the side effects of the medication.
How should I store Tropicam?
Tropicam should be stored at a temperature between 15 to 25°C (59 to 77°F). Do not freeze. Keep the medication out of reach of children.
Can Tropicam cause eye irritation?
Yes, eye irritation is one of the common side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam be used for cycloplegia?
Yes, Tropicam can be used for cycloplegia, which is the paralysis of the ciliary muscles responsible for pupil size.
Can Tropicam cause dry eyes?
Yes, dry eyes is a common side effect of Tropicam. If this side effect does not go away after a few hours, contact your doctor.
How long does Tropicam last?
The effects of Tropicam typically last between 3-5 hours.
Can Tropicam cause changes in eye color?
Yes, temporary changes in eye color is one of the common side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam be absorbed through the skin?
No, Tropicam is meant to be administered as eye drops and should not be absorbed through the skin.
Can Tropicam cause glaucoma?
No, Tropicam itself will not cause glaucoma. However, it may be used to diagnose glaucoma by measuring the intraocular pressure.
Can Tropicam cause dizziness or confusion?
Yes, dizziness or confusion is one of the possible side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect does not go away after a few hours, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam cause eye redness?
Yes, eye redness is one of the common side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam cause eye pain?
Yes, eye pain is one of the common side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam be used with other eye drops?
Yes, Tropicam may be used in combination with other eye drops depending on the condition being treated. Always consult a doctor for specific instructions.
Can Tropicam be used for refractive surgery?
Yes, Tropicam may be used for refractive surgery such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
Can Tropicam be used for macular degeneration?
Yes, Tropicam may be used to diagnose macular degeneration by measuring the intraocular pressure.
What should I do if Tropicam causes an allergic reaction?
If an allergic reaction occurs after using Tropicam, stop using the medication and seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, itching, or rash.
Can Tropicam be used for cataract surgery?
Yes, Tropicam may be used to prepare the eye for cataract surgery.
Can Tropicam cause increased pressure in the eye?
Yes, increased pressure in the eye is one of the possible side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Tropicam cause ringing in the ears?
No, ringing in the ears is not a common side effect of Tropicam.
Can Tropicam cause sleepiness?
Yes, sleepiness is one of the possible side effects of Tropicam. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Does Tropicam interact with caffeine?
No, there are no known interactions between Tropicam and caffeine.