Mydrimide
Mydrimide Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Mydrimide is a brand name. Its generic name is Tropicamide.
Mydrimide
Mydrimide is a topical antimuscarinic medication that is used to reduce the particle size of the pupil of the eye to inhibit visual accommodation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. It has a marked effect on pupillary size and a marked effect on visual accommodation for a short duration of time.
Uses for
Mydrimide is used to reduce pupil size for diagnostic procedures like ophthalmoscopy, endothelial specular microscopy, fundus photography, and tonography. Its use also includes therapeutic management of acute angle-closure glaucoma and sympathetic ophthalmia.
Mechanism of Action
Mydrimide binds to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on the iris sphincter muscle resulting in a decrease in the muscle's contractility. This results in mydriasis (dilation) and cycloplegia (paralysis of accommodation). Mydrimide is also believed to decrease intraocular pressure.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
Mydrimide begins to take effect within 30 minutes and can last for up to 8 hours.
Absorption
Mydrimide is rapidly absorbed through the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. It is also absorbed through the ciliary body and iris.
Route of Elimination
Mydrimide is metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidneys.
Dosage
The recommended dose of tropicamide is one drop of a 0.5% or 1% solution into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye. The strength and amount of medicinal product must be specified when prescribing and/or dispensing tropicamide.
Administration
Mydrimide is administered via topical ophthalmic route. It should not come into contact with the eye lids and conjunctivae.
Side Effects
The most common reported side effects from tropicamide use are burning, stinging, discomfort or a feeling of foreign body sensation in the eyes, blurred vision, myopia, conjunctival hyperemia, decrease in intraocular pressure, transient ischemic optic neuropathy, ciliary block glaucoma, circumpapillary telengiectasia, purulent conjunctivitis, cystoid macular edema, and keratitis. It can also cause systemic effects on the cardiovascular system, such as tachycardia and hypertension.
Toxicity
Mydrimide is not known to be toxic at therapeutic doses. In case of accidental ingestion, the effects may include blurred vision, drowsiness, insomnia, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and increased salivation and bronchial secretions.
Precaution
Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of systemic side effects such as hypertension and tachycardia, especially in those with a history of cardiovascular disease. Long-term use of tropicamide may increase the risk of cataracts so patients should be monitored for any changes in vision. It should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to anticholinergics.
Interaction
Mydrimide may interact with other medications, including anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, digitalis glycosides, narcotics, orphenadrine, quinidine, and sedatives. It may also interact with antihistamines, antimuscarinics, and para-aminobenzoic acid.
Disease Interactions
Mydrimide should be used with caution in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, congestive heart failure, urinary retention, arrhythmias, and bronchial asthma. It may exacerbate narrow angle glaucoma in some patients.
Drug Interactions
Mydrimide may interact with other ophthalmic products such as mydriatics, miotics, adrenergics, anti-inflammatory agents, and antiglaucoma agents. It may also interact with medications used to treat neurological disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and gastrointestinal disorders.
Food Interactions
Mydrimide should not be taken with food, as it can impair absorption.
Pregnancy Use
Mydrimide should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. The safety and efficacy of the drug in pregnant women has not been established.
Lactation Use
Mydrimide is excreted in the breast milk, and should not be used during lactation.
Acute Overdose
Acute overdose of tropicamide may cause tachycardia, hypertension, and CNS disturbances, although the effects are usually mild. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Contraindication
Mydrimide is contraindicated in patients with narrow angle glaucoma, hypersensitivity to anticholinergics, and in patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease, bladder neck obstruction, or hiatal hernia.
Use Direction
Mydrimide should be administered as one drop of the appropriate concentration into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye three to four times daily. It should not be used for more than 2 weeks without consulting a physician.
Storage Condition
Mydrimide should be stored at room temperature between 15° C and 30° C. Protect from light and moisture and keep away from children.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for tropicamide is approximately 10-15L/kg.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of tropicamide is approximately 1.6 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of tropicamide is approximately 35-60 mL/min/kg.
Here you find in details version of Mydrimide
Some Frequently Asked Questions About Mydrimide
.What is Mydrimide?
Mydrimide is a medication used to temporarily enlarge the pupil of the eye. It may be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
What are the side effects of Mydrimide?
Common side effects may include dry eyes, eye irritation, blurred vision, increased sensitivity to light, and/or temporary changes in eye color, or increased pressure in the eye.
How does Mydrimide work?
Mydrimide works by temporarily paralyzing the ciliary muscle of the eye, which is responsible for pupil constriction. By paralyzing this muscle, the pupil remains dilated for a period of time.
What are the uses of Mydrimide?
Mydrimide is used to temporarily expand the pupil or to enhance visualization of the anterior segment of the eye. It may be used during ophthalmic procedures such as retinal examination, gonioscopy, or the placement of iris lenses, and for diagnosis of conditions including glaucoma and cataracts.
What is the dosage of Mydrimide?
The recommended dose of Mydrimide is 0.5–1% solution, usually applied as single drops into conjunctival sacs. Children may require lower dosages.
When should Mydrimide not be used?
Mydrimide should not be used in people with active inflammatory eye conditions, or in people who have had an allergic reaction to Mydrimide.
What should I tell my doctor before using Mydrimide?
Tell your doctor about any health conditions you have, any medications you take, and if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or plan to become pregnant.
Can Mydrimide be used in children?
Yes, Mydrimide can be used in children, but lower dosages may be necessary. Always consult a doctor for specific instructions on how to use Mydrimide in children.
Can you become dependent on Mydrimide?
No, Mydrimide is not a habit-forming medication and will not cause dependence.
Can Mydrimide be used for long-term?
No, Mydrimide is intended only for short-term use to temporarily dilate the pupils.
Is Mydrimide safe?
Yes, when used as directed, Mydrimide is safe. Always consult a doctor for instructions on how to use Mydrimide appropriately.
Can Mydrimide be used with contacts in?
No, contact lenses should be removed before the administration of Mydrimide. Reinsert the contacts after 15 minutes.
Can Mydrimide cause blurry vision?
Yes, temporarily blurred vision is one of the common side effects of Mydrimide. Consult your doctor if this side effect does not go away within a few hours.
Are there any alternatives to Mydrimide?
Yes, other mydriatic medications, such as cyclopentolate and phenylephrine, can be used to temporarily enlarge the pupil.
How soon will Mydrimide take effect?
Mydrimide usually takes effect within 15 minutes after administration.
Can Mydrimide cause any long-term effects?
No, Mydrimide is intended for short-term use to temporarily enlarge the pupil and should not cause any long-term effects.
What should I do if I miss a dose of Mydrimide?
If you miss a dose of Mydrimide, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose. Do not take two doses of Mydrimide at the same time.
What should I do if I overdosed on Mydrimide?
If you overdose on Mydrimide, seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of a Mydrimide overdose may include blurred vision, nausea, dizziness, confusion, or sleepiness.
Can Mydrimide be used while pregnant?
Mydrimide should not be used by pregnant women unless specifically instructed by a doctor.
Are there any drug interactions with Mydrimide?
Yes, some drugs can interact with Mydrimide. Tell your doctor about any medications you are taking to make sure they do not interact with Mydrimide. These drugs may include anticoagulants, beta blockers, CNS depressants, diuretics, or MAO inhibitors.
Can I take Mydrimide with alcohol?
No, it is not recommended to take Mydrimide with alcohol or other drugs. Doing so may increase the side effects of the medication.
How should I store Mydrimide?
Mydrimide should be stored at a temperature between 15 to 25°C (59 to 77°F). Do not freeze. Keep the medication out of reach of children.
Can Mydrimide cause eye irritation?
Yes, eye irritation is one of the common side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide be used for cycloplegia?
Yes, Mydrimide can be used for cycloplegia, which is the paralysis of the ciliary muscles responsible for pupil size.
Can Mydrimide cause dry eyes?
Yes, dry eyes is a common side effect of Mydrimide. If this side effect does not go away after a few hours, contact your doctor.
How long does Mydrimide last?
The effects of Mydrimide typically last between 3-5 hours.
Can Mydrimide cause changes in eye color?
Yes, temporary changes in eye color is one of the common side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide be absorbed through the skin?
No, Mydrimide is meant to be administered as eye drops and should not be absorbed through the skin.
Can Mydrimide cause glaucoma?
No, Mydrimide itself will not cause glaucoma. However, it may be used to diagnose glaucoma by measuring the intraocular pressure.
Can Mydrimide cause dizziness or confusion?
Yes, dizziness or confusion is one of the possible side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect does not go away after a few hours, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide cause eye redness?
Yes, eye redness is one of the common side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide cause eye pain?
Yes, eye pain is one of the common side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide be used with other eye drops?
Yes, Mydrimide may be used in combination with other eye drops depending on the condition being treated. Always consult a doctor for specific instructions.
Can Mydrimide be used for refractive surgery?
Yes, Mydrimide may be used for refractive surgery such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
Can Mydrimide be used for macular degeneration?
Yes, Mydrimide may be used to diagnose macular degeneration by measuring the intraocular pressure.
What should I do if Mydrimide causes an allergic reaction?
If an allergic reaction occurs after using Mydrimide, stop using the medication and seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, itching, or rash.
Can Mydrimide be used for cataract surgery?
Yes, Mydrimide may be used to prepare the eye for cataract surgery.
Can Mydrimide cause increased pressure in the eye?
Yes, increased pressure in the eye is one of the possible side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Can Mydrimide cause ringing in the ears?
No, ringing in the ears is not a common side effect of Mydrimide.
Can Mydrimide cause sleepiness?
Yes, sleepiness is one of the possible side effects of Mydrimide. If this side effect persists, contact your doctor.
Does Mydrimide interact with caffeine?
No, there are no known interactions between Mydrimide and caffeine.