MT-3
MT-3 Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? MT-3 is a brand name. Its generic name is Rifampicin + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide.
Introduction
Rifampicin with Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide (RIF) is a combination of medicines used to treat various types of bacterial infections. This combination of drugs is often used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It is also used to prevent people with latent TB from developing active TB.
Uses
RIF is used to treat primary and secondary cases of tuberculosis. It can also be used in children and people with HIV infections.
Mechanism of Action
RIF works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell-wall components, which leads to a decrease in cell division and death of the bacteria. In addition, Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide act as bactericidal inhibitors which prevent the release of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the infected cells.
How Long Does It Take to Work?
The effectiveness of RIF treatment is dependent on the duration and dose of the medication. It usually takes around two to three months for the treatment to be effective.
Absorption
Rifampicin is poorly absorbed when taken orally, so it is usually given as an injectable form. Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide are both rapidly and completely absorbed when taken orally.
Route of Elimination
Rifampicin is excreted in urine, feces and bile. Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide are mainly eliminated in the urine.
Dosage
RIF is usually given as an injectable or oral form. The usual dose of RIF is 600mg to 1200mg of Rifampicin, 300mg to 600mg of Isoniazid, and 800mg to 1600mg of Pyrazinamide. The dose and duration of therapy depend on the severity of the infection.
Administration
RIF is usually taken orally or as an injectable form. It should be taken three times per week at least two hours before breakfast or four hours after meals. It should be taken with a full glass of water.
Side Effects
Common side effects of RIF include nausea, vomiting, headache, rash, and diarrhea. More serious side effects may include liver damage, low blood pressure, and kidney failure.
Toxicity
Excessive doses of RIF may cause severe liver damage and acute hepatic failure. It can also cause other serious side effects like anemia and decreased white blood cell count.
Precaution
Before taking RIF, it is important to inform the doctor of any existing medical condition, past diagnoses, and current medications. In addition, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should consult their doctor before taking this medication.
Interactions
RIF may interact with other medications, such as anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and antibiotics. Taking RIF with these medications may increase the risk of side effects.
Disease Interactions
RIF may interact with certain diseases, such as liver disease, kidney disease, or anemia. People with these diseases should consult their doctor before taking RIF.
Drug Interactions
RIF may interact with other drugs, such as birth control pills, warfarin, and cimetidine. Taking RIF with these medications may increase the risk of side effects.
Food Interactions
Foods that may interact with RIF include dairy products, antacids, and alcohol. Taking RIF with these foods may increase the risk of side effects.
Pregnancy Use
RIF should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit outweighs the potential risks. It is important to consult a doctor before taking RIF during pregnancy.
Lactation Use
RIF should not be used during lactation as it can pass into breast milk and may cause side effects in the baby. It is important to consult a doctor before taking RIF during lactation.
Acute Overdose
Symptoms of RIF overdose include vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite, confusion, drowsiness, and seizures. It is important to seek medical advice in case of an overdose.
Contraindication
RIF should not be used in people with an allergy to any of the components of the drug, with active liver disease, or with a history of drug-resistant tuberculosis. It is important to consult a doctor before taking RIF.
Use Direction
RIF should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor. It should not be taken in larger or smaller doses than recommended. It is important to take the medication at the same time every day.
Storage Condition
RIF should be stored at room temperature, away from direct heat and moisture. It should be kept out of sight and reach of children.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution for RIF is 1.9 to 2.5 L/kg. This indicates that RIF distributes rapidly into the extravascular space and has a wide tissue distribution.
Half Life
The half-life for RIF is 2 to 5 hours. This indicates that it is quickly metabolized in the liver and then eliminated from the body.
Clearance
The clearance for RIF is 1 to 3 L/h/kg. This indicates that it is quickly eliminated from the body and has a short elimination time.
Here you find in details version of MT-3
Some Frequently Asked Questions About MT-3
What is the common name of MT-3?
The common name of MT-3 is three-drug combination therapy, or 3DT.
What does MT-3 treat?
MT-3 are typically used to treat tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection.
What is the dosage of MT-3?
The exact dosage of MT-3 depends on the individual and condition being treated. Generally, rifampicin is prescribed at a dose of 10 to 20 mg/kg per day, isoniazid at 5 to 10 mg/kg per day and pyrazinamide at 15 to 30 mg/kg per day.
How long do I need to take MT-3?
Patients with tuberculosis are typically prescribed a course of 7-9 months with the three drug combination therapy.
Are there any side effects associated with taking MT-3?
Yes, there can be side effects associated with this medication. Common side effects can include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, skin rash and liver toxicity.
Is it safe to take MT-3 during pregnancy?
It is generally not recommended that pregnant patients take this medication, as it has not been studied for safety during pregnancy. It is best to consult with a doctor regarding any medications during pregnancy.
What should be done if I miss a dose of MT-3?
If a dose is missed, it is important to take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, do not double up, but just take the next dose as prescribed.
Can MT-3 be used to treat non-tubercular infections?
No, this medication is only approved for the treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection.
What other medications should not be taken with MT-3?
MT-3 should not be taken with other drugs used to treat tuberculosis, such as levofloxacin, clarithromycin, ethambutol or streptomycin. Other drugs to avoid with this medication include cimetidine, antifungals such as clotrimazole, miconazole or ketoconazole, antibiotics such as vancomycin, and antiviral medications such as ritonavir or saquinavir.
Can MT-3 be used in children?
Yes, this medication can be used safely in children, but it is always best to discuss any use in children with a doctor.
What is a common substitute for MT-3?
A commonly used substitute is isoniazid + rifampicin + ethambutol combination therapy (IREP).
Can MT-3 be used to treat chronic conditions?
MT-3 is not recommended for chronic conditions. This medication is typically used only for acute, short-term treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection.
What is the best way to take MT-3?
It is always best to take medications as prescribed by a doctor. MT-3 should be taken with food or a full glass of water to reduce the risk of stomach irritation.
Can I drink alcohol while taking MT-3?
It is not recommended that alcohol be consumed while taking this medication, as it can increase the risk of the medication's side effects.
What should I do if I experience severe side effects while taking MT-3?
If any severe side effects occur while taking MT-3, it is important to contact a doctor immediately.
Does MT-3 interact with other drugs?
MT-3 can interact with other drugs. Always consult with a doctor before taking any other medications while on this regimen.
Are there any foods that should be avoided while taking MT-3?
It is important to avoid foods that are high in tyramine (e.g. aged cheese, smoked fish, cured meats) while taking this medication, as it can cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure.
Are there any vaccinations that should be avoided while taking MT-3?
Yes, live attenuated vaccines should be avoided while taking this medication, as it can interfere with the effectiveness of the vaccine.
What should be done if I forget to take MT-3?
If a dose is missed, it is important to take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, do not double up, but just take the next dose as prescribed.
What are the common side effects of MT-3?
Common side effects can include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, skin rash and liver toxicity.
What happens if I take an overdose of MT-3?
Taking an overdose of this medication can be serious and can cause liver damage, anemia and convulsions. If an overdose is suspected, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
What is the suggested duration of therapy with MT-3?
Patients with tuberculosis are typically prescribed a course of 7-9 months with the three-drug combination.
Can MT-3 be purchased over the counter?
No, this medication is prescription-only. It is important to get a valid prescription from a doctor before trying to obtain it.
Does MT-3 need to be refrigerated?
No, this medication can typically be stored at room temperature.
What is the half-life of MT-3?
The half-life for rifampicin is 4-6 hours, isoniazide is 1-2 hours, and pyrazinamide is 6.5-7.5 hours.
Are there any long-term studies on MT-3?
Yes, long-term studies have been conducted on the safety and efficacy of this combination therapy, and it has been found to be safe and effective.
How long do I need to take MT-3 for latent tuberculosis infection?
The recommended course of treatment for latent TB is 6 months with the three drug combination.
Can MT-3 be used to treat a drug-resistant strain of tuberculosis?
Yes, this combination is recommended for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, however, it is important to consult with a doctor as other medications may be recommended for this condition.
Does MT-3 have any adverse interactions with other medications?
MT-3 can interact with other medications and should not be taken with drugs used to treat tuberculosis, cimetidine, antifungals, antibiotics, or antiviral medications without first consulting with a doctor.
What should be done if I experience an allergic reaction to MT-3?
If any signs of an allergic reaction occur, such as itching, rash, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
Can I take other vitamins or supplements while on MT-3?
It is best to consult with a doctor before taking any other medications, vitamins or supplements while on this regimen.
Can the dose of MT-3 be adjusted?
The dose of this medication may be adjusted by a doctor if it is deemed necessary.
What laboratory tests should be done before starting therapy with MT-3?
Before beginning therapy, it is important to perform a complete blood count, liver function test, and urine analysis to make sure that it is safe to take this medication.
Can MT-3 be used to treat other bacterial infections besides tuberculosis?
No, this combination of drugs is only approved for the treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection.
Are there any over-the-counter drugs that should be avoided with MT-3?
Yes, any over-the-counter medications that are not approved by a doctor should be avoided while taking this medication, as they can interact with the active ingredients of MT-3.
Do I need to have regular lab tests while on MT-3?
It is important to have regular lab tests while taking this medication, as it can have serious side effects on the liver. Your doctor should monitor your liver function while taking this medication.
How quickly does MT-3 start to work?
Typically, the effects of this medication start to be felt within a few days, but it may take several weeks to see full improvement.
Are there any other medications that should not be taken with MT-3?
Other medications to avoid with this medication include proton pump inhibitors, birth control pills, medications that can cause liver toxicity, and some other antibiotics.
Why is it important to take MT-3 for the full course of therapy?
It is important to take this medication for the full course of therapy in order to completely treat the tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection. Stopping the therapy prematurely can lead to a reoccurrence of the infection or the development of a drug-resistant strain.
Can I take MT-3 if I have liver disease?
Yes, this medication can be used safely in patients with liver disease, but it is important to consult with a doctor to ensure it is safe to take this medication.