Expel

Expel Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Expel is a brand name. Its generic name is Levamisole.

Expel

Expel is an anthelmintic medication commonly used in humans to counter worm infestations. It is also used as an immunomodulator, which means it increases disease resistance, stimulates the immune system and influences immune responses. In veterinary medicine, it is used to treat parasites such as hookworms, roundworms, and tapeworms. It is available as an oral suspension or tablet, and is used in humans and animals for treating parasitic diseases.

Uses

Expel is used to treat parasitic worm infections, such as ascariasis, pinworms, and hookworms. It is also used to treat certain kinds of facial leishmaniasis and for immunomodulatory effects. It may also be used for a variety of other skin conditions.

Mechanism of Action

Expel works by paralysing and killing certain parasitic worms, called nematodes, that are commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. It does this by blocking the action of an enzyme called acetylcholine that is essential for muscle communication. As a result, the drug causes paralysis and death of parasitic worms. In addition, it activates the immune system, aiding in the body's natural defense against parasites.

How long does it take to Work?

Expel typically takes 1 to 3 days to start working in humans and animals. However, some worm infections may take longer to resolve. To ensure that the infection has been completely treated, additional doses may be required.

Absorption

Expel is absorbed rapidly and completely from the gastrointestinal tract. The peak concentration in the blood is typically 0.5 to 1 hour after administration.

Route of Elimination

Expel is rapidly eliminated from the body through the feces and urine. The major portion of the drug is eliminated through the feces. The mean elimination half-life is between 6 to 9 hours.

Dosage

The recommended dosage for levamisole varies depending on the patient's age, weight, and type of infection. The typical dosage for pinworm infestations is 2-4 mg/kg given once a day for 3 days. For hookworm infestations, the dosage is 2-4 mg/kg given once a day for 5-7 days. For leishmaniasis, the recommended dosage is 3-4 mg/kg given once a day for 14 days in a one-month cycle.

Administration

Expel is typically administered orally, either in a tablet or as an oral suspension. It may also be administered as an injection. It should not be taken with food, as this significantly reduces its absorption.

Side Effect

Common side effects of levamisole include nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fever, dizziness, itching and rash. Serious side effects include fever, confusion, seizures and pallor.

Toxicity

Expel must be used with caution due to its potential for toxicity. Overdoses can lead to serious adverse effects, including seizures, confusion, rapid heart rate and breathing problems.

Precautions

Before taking levamisole, it is important to inform your doctor if you have any other medical conditions or allergies to certain medications. Patients should also tell their doctor if they are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking any other medications, especially warfarin or other anticoagulants.

Interactions

Expel may interact with certain medications and should not be taken with other drugs that may also affect the nervous system. These drugs include anesthetics, anti-seizure medications, antihistamines, and even some natural supplements.

Disease Interactions

Expel may interact with certain diseases, including epilepsy, renal and hepatic impairment, and cirrhosis.

Drug Interactions

Expel may interact with other drugs such as warfarin, lithium, cyclosporine, methotrexate, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and tacrolimus.

Food Interactions

Expel should not be taken with meals as it reduces its absorption rate. Alcohol should not be taken during treatment with levamisole.

Pregnancy Use

Expel should only be used during pregnancy if there is clear evidence of a need and benefit from its use. It should not be used during early pregnancy.

Lactation Use

Expel has not been studied in breastfeeding mothers, so caution should be used if taken while breastfeeding.

Acute Overdose

If overdose occurs, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Symptoms of an overdose may include excessive nausea and vomiting, confusion, fast or irregular heart rate, and seizures.

Contraindication

Expel is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its inactive ingredients.

Use Direction

Expel should be taken as directed by the doctor. It should be taken with a glass of water, at least 2 hours before or after meals. All doses should be taken in full, even if the patient feels better or symptoms have improved.

Storage Condition

Expel should be stored at room temperature in a dry, dark place. Avoid storing it in a humid or damp area.

Volume of Distribution

Expel has a volume of distribution of 8 - 10 L/kg.

Half Life

The half-life of levamisole is 6–9 hours.

Clearance

Expel is cleared from the body via primarily hepatic route.

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Some Frequently Asked Questions About Expel

What is Expel?

Expel is a medication mainly used to treat parasitic worm infections. It is also used as an adjuvant along with chemotherapy drugs for other diseases, such as colorectal cancer.

How is Expel taken?

Expel is most commonly taken as a pill, and also available in an injectable form.

What are the common uses of Expel?

Expel is most often used to treat worm infestations (helminths) such as roundworm, pinworm, hookworm, and whipworm. It is also used in combination with certain chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

How long does Expel take to work?

Expel usually takes a few days to several weeks to work. To achieve the best results, it is important to take the medication as directed.

Are there any potential side-effects of taking Expel?

Yes, there are potential side effects associated with the use of Expel, including nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, headache, and rash. If you experience any of these side effects, contact your doctor.

How should Expel be stored?

Expel should be stored in a tightly closed container at room temperature. Keep it away from high heat, direct light, and moisture.

Is Expel safe for pregnant women?

Expel should not be used during pregnancy unless a medical professional feels that the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Expel has been known to cause birth defects when used during pregnancy.

Who should not take Expel?

Expel should not be taken by people with an allergy or sensitivity to it, people with anemia, or those taking certain medications such as antacids, warfarin, or aspirin.

Does Expel interact with any other medications?

Yes, Expel can interact with certain other medications, including antacids, warfarin, and aspirin. If you take any of these medications, talk to your doctor before taking Expel.

What is the usual dose of Expel?

The usual dose of Expel is based on body weight and can range from 50 mg to 200 mg. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions when taking this medication.

Does Expel have any serious side effects?

Yes, serious side effects have been reported with the use of Expel, including fever, rash, itching, swelling of the eyes and face, fever, difficulty breathing, or yellowing of the skin or eyes. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor right away.

What should I do if I miss a dose of Expel?

If you miss a dose of Expel, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the regular time.

What should I do if I overdose on Expel?

If you think you may have overdosed on Expel, contact your doctor or local poison control center right away. If the overdoes is severe, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

Is Expel available over-the-counter?

No, Expel is a prescription medication and not available over-the-counter.

Can Expel be used to treat colorectal cancer?

Yes, Expel can be used in combination with certain chemotherapy drugs to treat colorectal cancer.

What should I do if I have bad side-effects from Expel?

If you experience any bad side effects from Expel, contact your doctor or local poison control center right away. If the side effects are severe, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

Is Expel safe for children?

Expel is not recommended for use in children under two years of age due to potential risks. Children older than two should take the drug under the supervision of a doctor.

How long should I take Expel?

The length of time for which you are taking Expel will depend on the infection you are treating and your response to the treatment. Talk to your doctor about how long to continue taking Expel.

Can I drive or operate heavy machinery after taking Expel?

It is not recommended to drive or operate heavy machinery while taking Expel, as it may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you experience these side effects, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you can safely perform these tasks.

Does Expel have any alternatives?

Yes, there are several alternatives to Expel, including mebendazole, albendazole, pyrantel, metronidazole, ivermectin, albendazole, and fenbendazole.

What happens if I stop taking Expel?

If you stop taking Expel, your symptoms may return. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions when taking this medication and not stop taking it until directed to do so.

What kind of doctor can prescribe Expel?

Expel can be prescribed by a doctor, such as a primary care physician, or an infectious disease specialist.

What should I do if I experience an allergic reaction to Expel?

If you experience any symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, contact your doctor or local emergency medical services right away.

What should I avoid while taking Expel?

It is important to avoid alcohol while taking Expel, as it may increase the risk of liver damage or other side effects. Talk to your doctor about any other substances you should avoid while taking this medication.

How can I tell if Expel is working?

The most common way to tell if Expel is working is to monitor your symptoms. If your symptoms improve or resolve over time, this indicates that the medication is working.

Are there any natural treatments for worm infections?

Yes, some natural treatments for worm infections include garlic, grapefruit seed extract, black walnut hulls, clove, and wormwood. Talk to your doctor before taking any natural remedies.

Is Expel expensive?

The exact cost of Expel will vary depending on the pharmacy you use, your insurance coverage, and the form (pill or injectable) of the medication. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about the cost of Expel.

Is Expel safe for long-term use?

No, long-term use of Expel is not recommended, as it can cause serious side effects such as flu-like symptoms, anemia, or liver damage. Talk to your doctor about the best course of treatment for your particular condition.

Can Expel be taken with food?

Yes, Expel can be taken with food. It may help to reduce some of the possible gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and vomiting.

What should I do if I am pregnant and taking Expel?

If you become pregnant while taking Expel, contact your doctor immediately. Expel can cause birth defects when used during pregnancy and should only be used if a doctor feels that the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

Can Expel treat other conditions besides worm infestations?

Yes, Expel can also be used to treat colorectal cancer, in combination with certain chemotherapy drugs.

Does Expel have any effect on fertility?

There is no evidence to suggest that Expel has any effect on fertility. However, it is important to talk to your doctor before taking any medication if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Can Expel cause liver damage?

Yes, long-term use of Expel has been known to cause liver damage in some people. If you experience any symptoms of liver damage, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or fatigue, contact your doctor right away.

Can I take Expel with other medications?

Expel can interact with certain other medications, including antacids, warfarin, or aspirin. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking Expel with any other medications.

What should I tell my doctor before taking Expel?

Before taking Expel, it is important to tell your doctor about any other medications you are taking, any allergies you have, and if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Are there any warnings associated with Expel?

Yes, there are several warnings associated with Expel, which include not taking it if you have an allergy or sensitivity to it, and to avoid taking it if you are pregnant or may become pregnant. Talk to your doctor about any other warnings and precautions associated with taking Expel.