Detomax
Detomax Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Detomax is a brand name. Its generic name is Dexmedetomidine.
Introduction
Detomax is an intravenous anesthetic agent used to decrease anxiety and provide sedation before and during medical procedures. It is sometimes referred to as an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. It is an active ingredient in the medication Precedex, manufactured by Hospira.
Uses for
Detomax is used in the medical field as an anesthetic, specifically prior to and during surgery, to relieve pain, and to provide sedation. It can also be used to keep patients in an intensive care unit calm, and in some cases, it may be used to help reduce symptoms of withdrawal from opioid use. Detomax can also be used to manage acute agitation.
Mechanism of Action
Detomax is a selective alpha-2-agonist that binds with great affinity to the presynaptic and postpresynaptic alpha-2-adrenergic receptors in the brain and peripheral nervous system. This action results in an increase in noradrenergic activity, which leads to decreased sympathetic outflow and decreased arousal in the central nervous system.
How Long Does it Take to Work?
Detomax typically takes 10-20 minutes to act. The onset of sedation occurs during the first 5-7 minutes of administration and the patient will usually remain sedated for up to 24 hours or more.
Absorption
Detomax is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption is dependent on the route of administration, with higher plasma concentrations achieved with IV administration. Following intravenous administration, peak plasma concentrations occur within 10-30 minutes.
Route of Elimination
Detomax is metabolized in the liver, mainly by oxidation with subsequent elimination in the urine. The elimination half-life is about 1.7 hours.
Dosage
The dosage of Detomax depends on the patient's age, medical condition, response to therapy, and other conditions. The dose usually ranges from 0.2-2.0 mcg/kg/hour. It is important to use the lowest effective dose and to titrate the dose according to the clinical response. Intravenous bolus dosing may also be used. The usual dose is 0.5-1.0 mcg/kg if the patient is sedated, or 1-2 mcg/kg for general anesthesia.
Administration
Detomax is administered via intravenous (IV) infusion. The infusion should be administered over 10 to 20 minutes. The dose should be titrated according to response. Continuous infusion should be used if sedation is prolonged.
Side Effects
Some of the potential side effects of Detomax include, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, lightheadedness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, itching, and rash. Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylactic reactions, can also occur.
Toxicity
Toxic effects of Detomax include hypertension and tachycardia, as well as, respiratory depression. Other adverse effects that can occur from excessive doses include muscle twitching, bradycardia, convulsions and agitation.
Precautions
Patients should inform their healthcare provider if they have any known allergies, including to medications containing Detomax, as well as any other diseases or medical conditions. Patients should also inform their healthcare provider if they are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant, as the use of this product in pregnant women is not recommended.
Interactions
Detomax can interact with a number of medications. Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all prescription and nonprescription medications, herbal remedies, and nutritional supplements that they are taking, as interactions can occur. It is especially important that patients inform their healthcare provider if they are taking any other sedative medications or narcotics.
Disease Interaction
Detomax should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions, including asthma, COPD, renal or hepatic impairment, bradycardia, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia. Patients with these conditions should be monitored closely for any adverse effects while using Detomax.
Drug Interactions
Detomax may interact with other drugs, including MAO inhibitors, SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, narcotic analgesics, barbiturates, beta-blockers, and other medications that affect the central nervous system.
Food Interactions
Detomax should be taken as prescribed by the physician. Patients should not take Detomax with or immediately after meals, as this may reduce the effectiveness of the medication.
Pregnancy Use
The safety and efficacy of Detomax in pregnant women have not been established. Therefore, Detomax should be used with caution in this population.
Lactation Use
The safety and efficacy of Detomax in lactating women have not been established. Therefore, Detomax should be used with caution in this population.
Acute Overdose
If an overdose of Detomax is suspected, contact the Poison Control Center immediately. Symptoms of an overdose include hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression and loss of consciousness. Treatment of an overdose will depend on the symptoms and may include supportive measures, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen, as well as medications to reverse the effects of the drug.
Contraindication
Detomax should not be used in patients who are hypersensitive to the drug or its components, or in patients with known coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, symptomatic hypotension, history of stroke, or severe COPD.
Use Directions
Detomax should be used as prescribed by the physician. Pregnant and lactating women should be cautioned before using Detomax. Patients should check with their doctor before taking this medication, as interactions may occur with certain drugs.
Storage Condition
Detomax should be stored at room temperature, away from direct light and heat. It should be stored in a tight, light-resistant container and should be disposed of according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of Detomax is approximately 0.7 L/kg.
Half Life
The elimination half-life of Detomax is approximately 1.7 hours.
Clearance
The clearance of Detomax is approximately 21 mL/min/kg.
Here you find in details version of Detomax