Catavit

Catavit Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Catavit is a brand name. Its generic name is Sodium Succinate + Cytochrome C + Adenosine + Nicotinamide.

Catavit

Sodium succinate with cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is a combination of drugs used mainly as a metabolic enhancer to increase energy production in cells. This combination has been studied primarily in patients with mitochondrial disorders, who can benefit from the drugs' stimulatory effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics.

Uses

The main use of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is to treat mitochondrial diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, and other mitochondrial-related neurological disorders. This combination drug has also been used in research studies to increase energy production in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle cells.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is not fully understood but it is believed to be related to the enhancement of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Sodium succinate is thought to act as a fuel for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and boost energy production. Additionally, cytochrome C and adenosine are believed to promote the electron transport system, which is important in generating energy, and nicotinamide is thought to be involved in the activation of the electron transport system and the increase of ATP synthesis.

How Long Does it Take to Work?

Patients treated with sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide have reported improved energy production and exercise performance. However, the time it takes to notice an effect can vary from patient to patient, as the response can be dependent on the individual's health condition and the severity of the mitochondrial disease.

Absorption

Sodium succinate is rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral administration. Cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide are also rapidly absorbed after oral ingestion although their rates may vary depending on the patient’s condition.

Route of Elimination

Sodium succinate, cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide are primarily eliminated via the urine. However, there may be some degree of metabolism and excretion through the bile.

Dosage

The dosage of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide varies with each patient depending on individual response and tolerance to the drug. The typical dosage for patients with mitochondrial diseases is 60mg sodium succinate, 0.6mg cytochrome C, 6mg adenosine, and 100mg nicotinamide. For those using it as a metabolic enhancer, the dosage may be increased to 120mg sodium succinate, 1.2mg cytochrome C, 12mg adenosine, and 200mg nicotinamide.

Administration

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is administered orally, usually once or twice per day. It should be taken with food to promote better absorption of the drugs.

Side Effects

Common side effects of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide include nausea, headache, fatigue, and vomiting. Rare side effects include anxiety, depression, and rash.

Toxicity

In general, sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is well-tolerated in most patients. However, there is limited data on long-term toxicity and further studies are needed to assess any potential harmful effects.

Precautions

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide should not be used by pregnant or nursing mothers, as the effects on an unborn or infant child are unknown. Additionally, the drug should be used with caution in individuals with kidney or liver impairment or certain heart conditions. It should also be avoided by patients with known hypersensitivity to the ingredients.

Interaction

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide may interact with certain drugs or dietary supplements, including anticoagulants, medications for diabetes, and supplements or herbal products that contain caffeine. Therefore, it is important to inform the prescribing doctor or pharmacist of any other drugs, supplements, or herbs the patient is taking before starting treatment.

Disease Interaction

This combination drug should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, kidney and liver impairment, and certain heart conditions. It is also important to monitor for any worsening of symptoms in individuals with preexisting mitochondrial diseases while on this drug.

Drug Interaction

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide may interact with certain drugs, including anticoagulants, certain antibiotics, and medications for diabetes. It is important to inform the prescribing doctor or pharmacist of any other drugs the patient is taking before starting treatment.

Food Interactions

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide interacts with certain foods, such as large amounts of caffeine or those containing high amounts of calcium or iron. It is important to consult a doctor when taking this drug with food.

Pregnancy Use

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is not recommended for use in pregnant women, as its effects on an unborn child are unknown. If pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is best to discuss with the doctor before taking this drug.

Lactation Use

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is not recommended for use in nursing mothers, as its safety and effects in this population have not been established. It is recommended to discuss with the doctor before taking this drug.

Acute Overdose

The effects of acute overdose of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide are not known. If an overdose is suspected, it is important to contact a poison control center or the patient’s doctor immediately for proper management and treatment.

Contraindication

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide should not be used by individuals who are hypersensitive to any of its components, or those with certain medical conditions or other drug allergies. It is important to inform the doctor before taking this drug.

Use Direction

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor. The usual dosage for patients with mitochondrial diseases is 60mg sodium succinate, 0.6mg cytochrome C, 6mg adenosine, and 100mg nicotinamide. It is important to take the drug as prescribed, and, if necessary, adjust the dosage based on individual response and tolerance. This drug should not be taken with large amounts of caffeine, calcium, or iron-containing food.

Storage Condition

Sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide should be stored at room temperature, in a dry place, and away from direct light. It should also be kept out of reach of children.

Volume of Distribution

The volume of distribution of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is unknown.

Half Life

The half life of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is unknown.

Clearance

The clearance of sodium succinate plus cytochrome C, adenosine, and nicotinamide is unknown.

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