Avolac

Avolac Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Avolac is a brand name. Its generic name is Lactulose.

Avolac

Avolac is a synthetic combination of two naturally-occurring sugars, glucose and galactose. It is used as a laxative to treat constipation and to reduce hepatic encephalopathy. The mechanism of action of lactulose is not fully understood, but it appears to either displace toxins or increase stool water content or both. Avolac can take up to 72 hours to take effect.

Absorption and Route of Elimination

Absorption of lactulose is incomplete, so most of it passes through the intestine without being absorbed. It is fermented by bacteria in the digestive tract absorbs some of it. The remainder, usually discharged in the stools, is metabolized by bacteria in the large intestine to lactic and acetic acids. These metabolites are rapidly absorbed and metabolized by the body.

Dosage and Administration

The recommended dosage of lactulose is 15-45ml per day (15mL for children under 2 years of age). It should be taken in three or four divided doses with 1-2 hours between doses, and on an empty stomach. Avolac can be taken with water, fruit juice, or milk.

Side Effects, Toxicity, and Precaution

The most common side effects of lactulose are stomach cramping, bloating, and diarrhea. It can also cause electrolyte disturbances, vitamin deficiencies, and dehydration. Avolac should be used with caution in patients with hepatic encephalopathy, as it may increase the level of ammonia in the blood. It should not be used in patients with severe electrolyte disturbance, malabsorption, or certain severe gastrointestinal diseases. It should also be used with caution in pregnant and lactating women.

Interaction

Avolac may interact with some medications, including laxatives, antibiotics, antacids, and other drugs that decrease peristalsis. It should also not be taken with oral vitamins and minerals, as it may decrease their absorption.

Disease Interactions

Avolac may worsen symptoms of some diseases, including renal impairment, intestinal obstruction, colitis, and Crohn's disease. It should also not be used in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Drug Interactions

Avolac may reduce the absorption of some medications, including antibiotics, oral vitamin and mineral supplements, and antacids. It may also interfere with the effect of certain drugs, such as lithium and some cancer medications.

Food Interactions

Avolac may interact with some foods, including dairy products, and foods containing sorbitol. It is recommended to avoid these foods when taking lactulose.

Pregnancy and Lactation Use

Avolac is generally considered safe for pregnant and lactating women. However, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before taking this medication during pregnancy or lactation.

Acute Overdose

An acute overdose of lactulose may lead to watery stools, electrolyte imbalance, abdominal pain, and nausea or vomiting. It is recommended to seek medical help if a person experiences any of these symptoms.

Contraindication

Avolac is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to it or any other components of its formulation, as well as in patients with severe electrolyte disturbances, malabsorption, and certain gastrointestinal diseases.

Use Direction

Avolac should be taken as directed by a healthcare professional. Generally, it is recommended to take 15-45ml (15mL for children under 2 years of age) with 1-2 hours between doses, on an empty stomach.

Storage Conditions

The drug should be stored in tightly closed containers in room temperature away from heat and moisture.

Volume of Distribution

Avolac is not highly lipophilic and thus not expected to distribute into the central nervous system. The volume of distribution is up to 10-20 L/kg.

Half Life

The elimination half-life is approximately 6.2 hours.

Clearance

The clearance of lactulose is about 0.1 L/hr/kg.

Here you find in details version of Avolac

Some Frequently Asked Questions About Avolac

What is Avolac?

Avolac is a non-digestible disaccharide sugar used as a medication and probiotic. Avolac is prescribed to treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. It is also used to prevent fecal impaction.

How does Avolac work?

Avolac works by decreasing the amount of ammonia in the gut and increasing the amount of fecal water in the bowels to make the stools softer and easier to pass. It also increases the amount of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which helps to reduce the amount of ammonia produced.

What are the possible side effects of taking Avolac?

The possible side effects of taking Avolac include bloating, gas, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. Rarely, more serious side effects such as low blood potassium levels, rapid heartbeat, and changes in blood glucose levels may occur. Be sure to talk to your doctor if any of these side effects occur.

What is the recommended dosage for adults taking Avolac?

The recommended dose for adults taking Avolac is 15-45 ml once or twice per day. Dosage needs to be adjusted according to response and effects.

How should I take Avolac?

Avolac should be taken with a full glass of water. It can also be mixed with other liquids such as juice or coffee. Avolac should be taken on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Can I take Avolac with other medications?

You should always consult your doctor before taking Avolac with other medications. Avolac may interact with other medications so it is best to discuss any potential interactions with your doctor before taking it.

What if I forget to take my dose of Avolac?

If you forget to take your dose of Avolac, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your regular dose at the usual time.

Is Avolac safe to take during pregnancy?

Avolac is considered safe to take during pregnancy, but should only be taken under a doctor’s supervision. Be sure to discuss any potential risks or interactions with your doctor.

Can children take Avolac?

Avolac is not recommended for children under the age of 2 years. Children over the age of 2 years may take Avolac but should do so only under the supervision of a doctor.

What are the common minor side effects of taking Avolac?

The common minor side effects of taking Avolac include stomach cramps, bloating, gas, and diarrhea. If any of these side effects become severe or do not go away, contact your doctor.

Can I drink alcohol while taking Avolac?

Alcohol may interfere with the effectiveness of Avolac. If you are taking Avolac, it is best to avoid or limit alcohol consumption.

What should I do if I experience severe side effects while taking Avolac?

If you experience severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, lightheadedness, rapid heartbeat, changes in blood glucose levels and/or low blood potassium levels, stop taking Avolac and contact your doctor immediately.

Can I take Avolac with antacids or laxatives?

It is not recommended to take Avolac with antacids or laxatives. If you are taking either of these medications, discuss them with your doctor before taking Avolac.

Can people with diabetes take Avolac?

People with diabetes may take Avolac, however it is recommended to monitor their blood sugar levels closely as it may have an effect on levels. It is best to discuss any potential interactions with a doctor before taking Avolac.

Is Avolac a laxative?

Avolac is not technically a laxative, but it is used to relieve constipation because it softens the stool and helps it pass more easily. It is therefore considered a type of softener.

Can I take other medications while taking Avolac?

You should always consult your doctor before taking any other medications while taking Avolac. Avolac may interact with other medications, so it is best to discuss any potential interactions with your doctor before taking it.

Can Avolac be used to treat diarrhea?

Avolac may be used to treat some types of diarrhea, however it is important to speak with your doctor first to discuss the most appropriate treatment. Taking too much lactulose can also cause diarrhea.

What are the long-term effects of taking Avolac?

The long-term effects of taking Avolac depend on the dosage and individual. The most common long-term effects are bloating, gas, and loose stools. Long-term use of Avolac may also lead to gastritis, electrolyte disturbances, and cholelithiasis (gallstones). Speak to your doctor if you have any concerns.

Can Avolac be used to treat constipation?

Yes, Avolac is often used to treat constipation by softening the stool and encouraging movement of the bowels. It is usually taken as a single dose at the same time each day.

What is the best time to take Avolac?

The best time to take Avolac is with a full glass of water either on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Should I take Avolac in the morning or evening?

The best time to take lactulose will depend on the individual. Some people may find that it works better for them if they take it in the morning, whereas others may prefer to take it in the evening.

Can Avolac be used for weight loss?

Avolac is not typically used for weight loss and there is no evidence to suggest that it can help with weight loss. It is best to speak to your doctor if you are considering taking a lactulose to aid weight loss.

What are the benefits of taking Avolac?

The main benefit of taking Avolac is that it is a non-digestible sugar used to treat constipation, hepatic encephalopathy and prevent fecal impaction. It works by decreasing the amount of ammonia in the gut and increasing the amount of fecal water in the bowels to make the stools softer and easier to pass. It also increases the amount of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which helps to reduce the amount of ammonia produced.

Can Avolac be used to reduce ammonia levels in the body?

Yes, Avolac is often used to reduce ammonia levels in the body by decreasing the amount of ammonia in the gut and increasing the amount of fecal water in the bowels to make the stools softer and easier to pass. It also increases the amount of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which helps to reduce the amount of ammonia produced.

Is there a generic form of Avolac available?

Yes, some generic forms of Avolac are available. It is best to speak to your doctor or pharmacist to determine which form is best for you.

Does Avolac have any potential interactions with other medications?

Yes, Avolac may have potential interactions with other medications. It is important to talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medications while taking lactulose.

Will Avolac cause bloating or gas?

Yes, bloating and gas are common side effects of taking Avolac. If these side effects become severe or do not go away, contact your doctor.

How long does it take Avolac to work?

The amount of time it takes for Avolac to work varies from person to person. In general, it takes around 6-8 hours for Avolac to start having an effect.

Are there any foods I should avoid while taking Avolac?

It is not generally recommended to avoid any specific foods while taking Avolac but it is best to speak to your doctor or pharmacist for advice on foods that could interfere with its effectiveness.

What is the active ingredient in Avolac?

The active ingredient in Avolac is a disaccharide sugar called lactulose.

Can Avolac be taken on an empty stomach?

Yes, Avolac can be taken on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Is there an appropriate storage temperature for Avolac?

Yes, Avolac should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C). It should not be refrigerated.

Is Avolac available over-the-counter?

Yes, Avolac is available over-the-counter in some countries. It is best to check with your local pharmacy or doctor for advice and availability.

Can I take Avolac before bed?

Yes, Avolac can be taken before bed. However, it is best to take it with a full glass of water as taking it with other liquids such as juice or coffee may interfere with its effectiveness.

Should I take Avolac with food?

It is not generally recommended to take Avolac with food as this may interfere with its effectiveness. It is best take it on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Can I take Avolac if I am allergic to milk or dairy products?

Yes, Avolac is suitable for people who are allergic to milk or dairy products, as it does not contain these ingredients.

Does Avolac have any interaction with other herbs and supplements?

Yes, Avolac may interact with other herbs and supplements. It is important to talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other herbs or supplements while taking Avolac.

What if I take too much Avolac?

If you take too much Avolac, you may experience an increase in bloating, gas and loose stools. If you take more than your prescribed dose, seek medical attention immediately.

Should I take Avolac if I have Crohn's disease?

It is best to speak to your doctor before taking Avolac is you have Crohn's disease, as it may interact with other medications being taken. Your doctor may be able to recommend an alternative treatment.

What is the shelf life of Avolac?

The shelf life of Avolac is two years. It is important to make sure that you do not take Avolac beyond the expiration date.