Alverate
Alverate Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Mechanism of Action, How Long Does it Take to Work? Alverate is a brand name. Its generic name is Alverine.
Alverate
Alverate is a drug used for spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract and biliary tract. It is a smooth muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasms, cramps and other symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome. Alverate also helps to relieve acid reflux, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and the discomfort caused by gallbladder, kidney, or pancreas disease.
Uses
Alverate is primarily used to treat cramps and spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and biliary tract. It is also used to treat symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, and acid reflux. Alverate can also be used to treat the discomfort caused by gallbladder, kidney, or pancreas disease.
Mechanism of Action
Alverate belongs to a class of drugs called smooth muscle relaxants. It works by blocking acetylcholine-mediated, cholinergic, parasympathetic nerve impulses, which help to relax smooth muscle. This action helps to reduce cramping, spasms, and the discomfort associated with irritable bowel syndrome.
How long does it take to work?
Alverate usually takes effect within 15 to 30 minutes after it is taken. It may take up to 6 hours for the full effects of the drug to take place.
Absorption
Alverate is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and has an elimination half-life of 3-4 hours.
Route of Elimination
Alverate is primarily eliminated via the kidneys. Approximately 45% of alverine is excreted in the urine, while the remaining 55% is excreted in the feces.
Dosage
The recommended dose of alverine is 60mg a day. It can be taken as two 30mg tablets or one 60mg tablet or modified-release capsules. It can be taken with or without food.
Administration
Alverate should be taken orally, with or without food. It should be taken with plenty of water to ensure proper absorption.
Side Effects
Common side effects of alverine include dry mouth, abdominal pain, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, headache, blurred vision, diarrhoea, and constipation.
Toxicity
Alverate is generally well tolerated at recommended doses. However, it can be toxic if taken in high doses. Signs of toxicity may include seizures, confusion, difficulty breathing, tachycardia, and heart palpitations.
Precaution
Alverate should not be prescribed to patients with a known allergy to alverine or other ingredients in the drug. It should also not be prescribed to patients with an overactive thyroid, glaucoma, or myasthenia gravis. Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers should avoid taking alverine.
Interaction
Alverate may interact with other drugs including anticholinergic drugs, diuretics, and other drugs used to treat spasms and cramps. It may also interact with certain antibiotics, such as tetracyclines.
Disease Interaction
Alverate may interact with certain diseases, including liver disease, kidney disease, and adrenal gland tumors. It may also interact with certain endocrine disorders, such as pheochromocytoma.
Drug Interaction
Alverate may interact with certain drugs, including anticholinergics, diuretics, anti-arrhythmics, anti-depressants, and sedatives. It may also interact with antihistamines, anti-anxiety drugs, and narcotics.
Food Interactions
Alverate may interact with certain foods, including evening primrose oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and calcium-rich foods. It may also interact with alcohol and certain fruits, such as grapefruits.
Pregnancy Use
Alverate should not be taken during pregnancy as it can be harmful to the fetus. Women who are pregnant should consult their doctor before taking alverine.
Lactation Use
Alverate should be avoided during lactation as it may reduce the amount of breast milk produced. Women who are breastfeeding should consult their doctor before taking alverine.
Acute Overdose
An overdose of alverine can cause symptoms such as drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, dry mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. It can also cause arrhythmias, cardiovascular collapse, and seizures. If an overdose is suspected, immediate medical attention should be sought.
Contraindication
Alverate should not be used in patients with a known allergy to alverine or other ingredients in the drug. It should also not be used by patients with an overactive thyroid, glaucoma, or myasthenia gravis. Pregnant and breastfeeding mothers should avoid taking alverine.
Use Direction
Alverate should be taken orally once or twice daily, with or without food. It should be taken with plenty of water to ensure proper absorption. Patients should follow their doctor's instructions and take alverine exactly as prescribed.
Storage Condition
Alverate should be stored in a cool, dry place and away from direct sunlight. It should be kept out of reach of children and away from pets.
Volume of Distribution
The volume of distribution of alverine is 0.9 to 1.3 L/kg, indicating that the drug is distributed mainly in the extracellular fluid.
Half-life
Alverate has an elimination half-life of 3-4 hours, indicating that the drug is quickly eliminated from the body.
Clearance
The total clearance of alverine is 45 L/kg/hr, indicating that the drug is rapidly cleared from the body.
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