Prof (Dr.) Vijay Arora

Prof (Dr.) Vijay Arora

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What is the cause of osteoarthritis of the knee?

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What are the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee?

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What is osteoarthritis of the knee?

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Diseases of the respiratory system

The human respiratory system consists of series of organs responsible for breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide. The primary respiratory organs are the lungs which are responsible for the exchange of gases.

The red blood cells collect the oxygen from lungs and carry it to the different parts of the body. The red blood cells collect the carbon dioxide and transports it back to the lungs, and when we exhale it leaves carbon dioxide.

We require oxygen to sustain ourselves. A complete lack of oxygen is known as anoxia and a decrease in oxygen is known as anoxia, these can lead to serious conditions. Few minutes without oxygen and you are dead, the brain cells begin to die, this leads to brain damage and cause of death.

Diseases of the respiratory system

The respiratory diseases and its conditions fall in the following categories:

• Viruses such as influenza
• Bacterial pneumonia
• Enterovirus respiratory virus that has been diagnosed in children
• Chronic diseases, such as asthma. In asthma the lung airways cause wheezing, cough, shortness of breath and chest tightness. The symptoms may get worse, if the person is exposed to tobacco smoke, air pollution, factory smokes, pollens, cold sir, chemicals and medications.
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), intersection of three related conditions:chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It makes extremely difficult for the person to breath in.

Smoking causes lung cancer, but it affects non- smokers as well. Lung cancer is caused by the uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells.

Diagnosing and treating respiratory ailments

Pulmonologist treat the respiratory diseases including the lungs. Diagnosis of respiratory disease include chest x-rays and a pulmonary. PFT measures how well your lungs take in air and release air and how well they circulate the oxygen throughout your body.

For COPD, patients actually benefit from respiratory rehabilitation.

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Sleep Apnoea

The signs and symptoms of obstructive and central sleep apnoea overlap, sometimes making the type of sleep apnoea more difficult to determine. The most common signs and symptoms of obstructive and central sleep apnoea include:

• Loud snoring, which is possible in case of obstructive sleep apnoea.
• Breathing cessation during sleep, witnessed by person sleeping next to you.
• Abrupt awakening due to extreme shortness of breathing, which clearly indicates you are suffering from central sleep apnoea
• Difficulty in falling asleep known as insomnia
• Dry mouth or sore throat when you wake up
• Headache in the morning
• Feeling extreme sleepiness during daytime known as hypersomnia
• Irritation
• Attention problems

When to visit a doctor

Visit or consult a doctor immediately, if you experience the following problems:

• Snoring extreme loud and disturbing the other person sleeping next to you.
• Breathing problem, due to shortness of breath you tend to awake from your sleep.
• Pauses while breathing during your sleep.
• Extreme drowsiness during daytime, which causes the person to fall asleep anytime anywhere, while working, watching, television or even while driving.
• Many a times people don’t think snoring as a sign of something serious and not every other person who suffers from sleep apnoea snores. Be sure to consult a doctor if you experience loud snoring accompanied by periods of silence.
• Consult with your doctor about any sleep problem you have- chronically fatigued, irritable and sleepy. Hypersomnia or excessive daytime drowsiness is due to sleep apnoea or other disorders like narcolepsy.

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COR pulmonale

COR pulmonalearises out of complications from high blood pressure known as pulmonary hypertension or right sided heart failure because it occurs on the right ventricle of your heart. COR pulmonale enlarges the right ventricle and the pumping of blood is less than it should be. The ventricle is pushed beyond its limit and finally it fails.

Untreated pulmonary hypertension leads to COR pulmonale along with other problems and life threatening issues.

 

COR pulmonale Symptoms

The symptoms of CORpulmonaleare not noticeable at first. The symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath
• Increased heart rate
• Tiredness
• Lightheadedness

 

Consult your doctor immediately if you have the following symptoms:

• Leg or feet swelling
• Chest pain
• Wheezing
• Excessive coughing
• Fainting
• Excessive fatigue

 

COR pulmonale Causes

The heart transports blood from the body to the lungs, lungs are completely dependent on the heart. Pulmonary hypertension increases the pressure in your lung arteries and the hearts right ventricle. This leads to ineffective transportation of blood to the lungs. The common cause of COR pulmonale is pulmonary hypertension.

 

COR pulmonale Diagnosis

During diagnosis of COR pulmonale, the doctors will study the physical report and medical testing as well- protruding neck veins, fluid retention, and abnormal heart rhythms.

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The Respiratory problems & their solutions

Pulmonologist treat the respiratory diseases including the lungs. Diagnosis of respiratory disease include chest x-rays and a pulmonary. PFT measures how well your lungs take in air and release air and how well they circulate the oxygen throughout your body.For COPD, patients actually benefit from respiratory rehabilitation.The respiratory diseases and its conditions fall in the following categories-

• Chronic diseases, such as asthma. In asthma the lung airways cause wheezing, cough, shortness of breath and chest tightness. The symptoms may get worse, if the person is exposed to tobacco smoke, air pollution, factory smokes, pollens, cold sir, chemicals and medications.
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), intersection of three related conditions:chronic asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It makes extremely difficult for the person to breath in.
• Viruses such as influenza
• Bacterial pneumonia
• Enterovirus respiratory virus that has been diagnosed in children

Another respiratory problem- COR pulmonale arises out of complications from high blood pressure known as pulmonary hypertension or right sided heart failure because it occurs on the right ventricle of your heart. COR pulmonale enlarges the right ventricle and the pumping of blood is less than it should be. The ventricle is pushed beyond its limit and finally it fails.The symptoms of CORpulmonaleare not noticeable at first. The symptoms include-

• Shortness of breath
• Increased heart rate
• Tiredness
• Lightheadedness

Consult a doctor. Go for a diagnosis immediately. During diagnosis of COR pulmonale, the doctors will study the physical report and medical testing as well- protruding neck veins, fluid retention, and abnormal heart rhythms.

And for problems related to bronchitis, go for a bronchoscopy. During bronchoscopy, a local anaesthetic spray is applied to the nose and throat. It will act as a sedative to help you relax during the test. This will make you drowsy. Oxygen is given during the bronchoscopy. General anaesthesia is not needed.

For bronchoscopy test you need to stop eating or drinking anything before 6 or 12 hours. Also, you need to stop taking:

• Ibuprofen
• Aspirin
• Warfarin
• other blood thinners

You will need to bring someone along with you to drive you back home after the bronchoscopy.

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What is Gynecology?

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What is Gynecology?

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